[1] Igwegbe, C.A., López-Maldonado, E.A., Landázuri, A.C., Ovuoraye, P.E., Ogbu, A.I., Vela-García, N., & BiaĆowiec, A. (2024). Sustainable municipal landfill leachate management: Current practices, challenges, and future directions, Desalination and Water Treatment, 320, 100709.
[2] Islam, S., Bano, H., Bhat, J.I.A., Aziz, M.A., Bhat, S.u.S., Nazir, N., Ali, T., & Wani, O.A. (2023). Landfill leachate a new threat to water quality: a case study from the Temperate Himalayas. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment. 195, 689.
[3] Nurhayati, I., Ratnawati, R., Sutrisno, J., Pramana, Y.B., & Oktavitri, N.I. (2021). Microalgae Scenedesmus sp potential in phytoremediation of Kalidami retention pond with potassium and carbon addition. Pollution Research Paper. 40, 194–198.
[4] Al Kholif, M., Pungut, Sugito, & Walujo, J.A. (2022). Effectiveness of adsorbents chicken eggshells and cassava skin to reduce pollutants in the electroplating industry. Ecology, Environmental & Conservation. 2022, S120-S124.
[5] Hama Aziz, K.H., & Mustafa, F.S. (2024). Advanced oxidation processes for the decontamination of heavy metal complexes in aquatic systems: A review. Case Studies in Chemical and Environmental Engineering. 9, 100567.
[6] Kafle, A., Timilsina, A., Gautam, A., Adhikari, K., Bhattarai, A., & Aryal, N. (2022). Phytoremediation: Mechanisms, plant selection and enhancement by natural and synthetic agents. Environmental Advances. 8, 100203.
[7] Shen, X., Dai, M., Yang, J., Sun, L., Tan, X., Peng, C., Ali, I., & Naz. I. (2022). A critical review on the phytoremediation of heavy metals from environment: Performance and challenges. Chemosphere. 291, 132979.
[8] Li, Z., Huang, Y., Zhu, Z., Shi, H., Xiao, Y., Song, H., Zuo, W., Zhou, H., Wang, S., & Dong, L. (2025). Research on the stepwise treatment of phytoremediation residue: Combining leaching pretreatment with pyrolysis. Process Safety and Environmental Protection 194, 74–82.
[9] Zhang, J., Wang, Y., Wang, X., Wu, W., Cui, X., Cheng, Z., Yan, B., Yang, X., He, Z., & Chen, G. (2022). Hydrothermal conversion of Cd/Zn hyperaccumulator (Sedum alfredii) for heavy metal separation and hydrochar production. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 423, 127122.
[10] Li, Z., Huang, Y., Zhu, Z., Yu, M., Cheng, H., Shi, H., Xiao, Y., Song, H., Zuo, W., Zhou, H., & Wang, S. (2024). Attempts to obtain clean biochar from hyperaccumulator through pyrolysis: Removal of heavy metals and transformation of phosphorus. Journal of Hazardous Materials. 468, 133837.
[11] Zhu, Z., Huang, Y., Dong, L., Yu, M., Xu, W., Li, Z., Xiao, Y., & Cheng, H. (2024). Effect of aluminosilicates on the release and form transformation of semi-volatile heavy metals during the combustion of hyperaccumulator plants. Journal of Cleaner Production. 461, 142604.
[12] Mahar, A., Wang, P., Ali, A., Awasthi, M.K., Lahori, A.H., Wang, Q., Li, R., & Zhang, Z. (2016). Challenges and opportunities in the phytoremediation of heavy metals contaminated soils: A review. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety. 126, 111–121.
[13] Bhat, S.A., Bashir, O., Ul Haq, S.A., Amin, T., Rafiq, A., Ali, M., Américo-Pinheiro, J.H.P., & Sher, F. (2022). Phytoremediation of heavy metals in soil and water: An eco-friendly, sustainable and multidisciplinary approach. Chemosphere 303, 134788.
[14] Febrianti, R.I., Wibowo, P.A., & Marsanti, A.S. (2024). Effectiveness of apuwood plants (Pistia stratiotes) using the phytoremediation method in reducing BOD levels in Ciprat Langitan Magetan batik waste. Journal Health Sains. 5(8), 520-534.
[15] Aslanzadeh, S., Kho, K., & Sitepu, I. (2020). An Evaluation of the effect of Takakura and effective microorganisms (EM) as bio activators on the final compost quality. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering. 742, 012017.
[16] Minister of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia, Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry of the Republic of Indonesia Number P.68 About Domestic Wastewater Quality Standard, 2016.
[17] Novita, E., Wahyuningsih, S., Jannah, D.A.N., & Pradana, H.A. (2020). Phytoremediation of the analytical laboratory of Jember University wastewater by the use of water hyacinth and cattail plants. Jurnal Bioteknologi & Biosains Indonesia (JBBI). 7, 121–135.
[18] Lim, K.T., Shukor, M.Y., & Wasoh, H. (2014). Physical, chemical, and biological methods for the removal of arsenic compounds. Biomed Research International. 2014, 503784.
[19] Ratnawati, R., Sari, D.P., & Mukhtarr, N.A. (2024). Leachate treatment using sub-surface flow constructed wetland by Hippochaetes lymenalis, Journal of Natural Resources and Environmental Management. 14, 298–305.
[20] Ali, M., Aslam, A., Qadeer, A., Javied, S., Nisar, N., Hassan, N., Hussain, A., Ali, B., Iqbal, R., Chaudhary, T., Alwahibi, M.S., & Elshikh, M.S. (2024). Domestic wastewater treatment by Pistia stratiotes in constructed wetland, Scientific Report. 14, 1–13.
[21] Thakur, T.K., Barya, M.P., Dutta, J., Mukherjee, P., Thakur, A., Swamy, S.L., & Anderson, J.T. (2023). Integrated Phytobial Remediation of Dissolved Pollutants from Domestic Wastewater through Constructed Wetlands: An Interactive Macrophyte-Microbe-Based Green and Low-Cost Decontamination Technology with Prospective Resource Recovery. Water. 15(22), 3877.
[22]Al Kholif, M., Subianto, A., & Sutrisno, J. (2025). Effect of hydraulic retention time (HRT) in an anaerobic baffled reactor (ABR) on the reduction of BOD and COD in slaughterhouse industrial wastewater. Advances in Environmental Technology. 11(1), 1–12.
[23]Majid, D., Al Kholif, M., Arif, M.N., Sutrisno, J., & Zhang, J. (2025). Eco-friendly solutions for urban wastewater: evaluating constructed wetlands and filtration methods. Advances in Environmental Technology. 11(2), 182-194.
[24]BSN, SNI 06-6989.14-2004 How to test dissolved oxygen by yodometry (azide modification), Indonesia, 2004.
[25]Chapra, S.C., Camacho, L.A., & McBride, G.B. (2021). Impact of global warming on dissolved oxygen and BOD assimilative capacity of the world’s rivers: modeling analysis. Water. 13(17), 2408.
[26] Nurhayati, I., Ratnawati, R., & Sugito. (2019). Effects of potassium and carbon addition on bacterial algae bioremediation of boezem water. Environmental Engineering Research 24, 495–500.
[27]Jiao, N., Liu, J., Edwards, B., Lv, Z., Cai, R., Liu, Y., Xiao, X., Wang, J., Jiao, F., Wang, R., Huang, X., Guo, B., Sun, J., Zhang, R., Zhang, Y., Tang, K., Zheng, Q., Azam, F., Batt, J., Cai, W.J., He, C., Herndl, G.J., Hill, P., Hutchins, D., LaRoche, J., Lewis, M., MacIntyre, H., Polimene, L., Robinson, C., Shi, Q., Suttle, C.A., Thomas, H., Wallace, D., Legendre, L. (2021). Correcting a major error in assessing organic carbon pollution in natural waters. Science Advances. 14;7(16):eabc7318.
[28] Deng, Y., Qian, X., Wu, Y., Ma, T., Xu, X., Li, J., Wang, G., & Yan, Y. (2022). Effects of ciprofloxacin on Eichhornia crassipes phytoremediation performance and physiology under hydroponic conditions. Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 29, 47363–47372.
[29] Taha, R.S., AlKassasbeh, J.Y.M., Alharbi, O.M.L., Bouqellah, N.A., Sweity, A., & Al-Shawabkeh, J.D. (2024). Characterization of landfill leachate and their toxic effects on germination and seedling growth of various plant species – A Case Study, Journal of Ecological Engineering 25, 335–353.
[30] Marcio, L.B., Silva, D., Kamath, R., & Alvarez, J.J. (2009). Effect of simulated rhizodeposition on the relative abundance of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon catabolic genes in a contaminated soil. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry. 25(2), 386-391.
[31] Pausch, J., & Kuzyakov, Y. (2017). Carbon input by roots into the soil: Quantification of rhizodeposition from root to ecosystem scale. Global Change Biology. 24, 1-12.
[32]Ugya, A.Y., & Meguellati, K. (2022). Modelling Assisted Phytoremediation of Landfill Leachate Using Surface Flow Constructed Wetland Enhanced by Pistia stratiote and Salvinia molesta. Journal of Ecological Engineering. 23(5), 226-236.
[33]Abdullahi, F.A., Namadi, M.M., & Akpai, A.S. (2024). T Evaluation of Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia stratiotes and Vetiver zizanoides in Phytoremediation of a Hospital Wastewater Effluent. Sahel Journal of Life Sciences. 2(1) 185-194.
[34] Yang, Y., Jiang, C., Wang, X., Fan, L., Xie, Y., Wang, D., Yang, T., Peng, J., Zhang, X., Zhuang, X. (2024). Unraveling the Potential of Microbial Flocculants: Preparation, Performance, and Applications in Wastewater Treatment. Water. 16(14), 1995.
[35] Sudharshi, W., Kumar, J.C. (2018). Potential of aquatic macrophytes Eichhornia crassipes, Pistia stratiotes and Salvinia molesta in phytoremediation of textile wastewater. Journal of Water Security. 4, 1-8.