This study evaluates the synergistic integration of phytoremediation using Pistia stratiotes (Kayu Apu) and microbial bioaugmentation with Effective Microorganisms 4 (EM4) for treating landfill leachate. A batch system was employed with EM4 concentrations of 0%, 10%, 20%, and 30% and residence times of 3, 6, and 9 days. The results indicate that the highest pollutant removal efficiency was achieved with 30% EM4 and a 9-day residence time, resulting in 41.5% BOD reduction, 37.3% COD reduction, and 38% TSS reduction. Additionally, DO levels increased significantly by 488.24%, indicating improved aerobic conditions, which are essential for microbial activity. These findings demonstrate the potential of integrating Pistia stratiotes and EM4 as a sustainable, eco-friendly approach to treating landfill leachate. Further research is recommended to optimize operational parameters, scale up the system, and ensure compliance with regulatory discharge standards.
Nurhayati, I. , Afifah, E. and Al Kholif, M. (2026). Synergistic integration of Kayu apu (Pistia stratiotes) and EM4 for sustainable landfill leachate treatment: A green approach to pollutant reduction. Advances in Environmental Technology, 12(1), 123-137. doi: 10.22104/aet.2026.7943.2226
MLA
Nurhayati, I. , , Afifah, E. , and Al Kholif, M. . "Synergistic integration of Kayu apu (Pistia stratiotes) and EM4 for sustainable landfill leachate treatment: A green approach to pollutant reduction", Advances in Environmental Technology, 12, 1, 2026, 123-137. doi: 10.22104/aet.2026.7943.2226
HARVARD
Nurhayati, I., Afifah, E., Al Kholif, M. (2026). 'Synergistic integration of Kayu apu (Pistia stratiotes) and EM4 for sustainable landfill leachate treatment: A green approach to pollutant reduction', Advances in Environmental Technology, 12(1), pp. 123-137. doi: 10.22104/aet.2026.7943.2226
CHICAGO
I. Nurhayati , E. Afifah and M. Al Kholif, "Synergistic integration of Kayu apu (Pistia stratiotes) and EM4 for sustainable landfill leachate treatment: A green approach to pollutant reduction," Advances in Environmental Technology, 12 1 (2026): 123-137, doi: 10.22104/aet.2026.7943.2226
VANCOUVER
Nurhayati, I., Afifah, E., Al Kholif, M. Synergistic integration of Kayu apu (Pistia stratiotes) and EM4 for sustainable landfill leachate treatment: A green approach to pollutant reduction. Advances in Environmental Technology, 2026; 12(1): 123-137. doi: 10.22104/aet.2026.7943.2226
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