[1] Raziei, T., Daneshkar Arasteh, P., Akhtari, R., and Saghafian, B. (2007) Investigation of meteorological droughts in the Sistan and Balouchestan Province, using the standardized precipitation index and markov chain model. Iran-wWater resources research. 3 (1), 25–35.
[2] Eslamian, S., Eslamian, F. A. (Eds.). (2017). Handbook of drought and water scarcity: environmental impacts and analysis of drought and water scarcity. CRC.
[3] SR, H.A. and D, M. (2016) Water and drought crisis and its impact on urbanization. 3rd Conferences and exhibition of future environmental crisis.
[4] Bazrafshan, J. and Hejabi, S. (2016) Drought monitoring methods. University of Tehran Press.
[5] Vicente-Serrano, S., López-Moreno, J., Drumond, A., Gimeno, L., Nieto, R., Morán-Tejeda, E., et al. (2011) Effects of warming processes on droughts and water resources in the NW Iberian Peninsula (1930−2006). Climate research. 48(2), 203–212.
[6] Huang, J., Xue, Y., Sun, S., and Zhang, J. (2015) Spatial and temporal variability of drought during 1960–2012 in Inner Mongolia, north China. Quaternary international. 355 134–144.
[7] Rahman, M.R. and Lateh, H. (2016) Meteorological drought in Bangladesh: assessing, analysing and hazard mapping using SPI, GIS and monthly rainfall data. Environmental earth sciences. 75 (12), 1026.
[8] Shin, J.Y., Chen, S., Lee, J.-H., and Kim, T.-W. (2018) Investigation of drought propagation in South Korea using drought index and conditional probability. Terrestrial, Atmospheric and oceanic sciences. 29 (2), 231–241.
[9] Modarres, R. and de Paulo Rodrigues da Silva, V. (2007) Rainfall trends in arid and semi-arid regions of Iran. Journal of arid environments. 70 (2), 344–355.
[10] Masroor, M., Rehman, S., Sajjad, H., Rahaman, M. H., Sahana, M., Ahmed, R., Singh, R. (2021). Assessing the impact of drought conditions on groundwater potential in Godavari Middle Sub-Basin, India using analytical hierarchy process and random forest machine learning algorithm. Groundwater for sustainable development, 13, 100554.
[11] Masroor, M., Rehman, S., Avtar, R., Sahana, M., Ahmed, R., Sajjad, H. (2020). Exploring climate variability and its impact on drought occurrence: Evidence from Godavari Middle sub-basin, India. Weather and climate extremes, 30, 100277.
[12] Dariane, A. (2003) Reservoir operation during droughts. International journal of engineering. 16(3), 209–216.
[13] Harisuseno, D. (2020) Meteorological drought and its relationship with Southern Oscillation Index (SOI). Civil engineering journal. 6(10), 1864–1875.
[14] Beg, A. A. F., Al-Sulttani, A. H. (2020). Spatial assessment of drought conditions over Iraq using the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and GIS techniques. In Environmental remote sensing and GIS in Iraq (pp. 447-462). Springer, Cham.
[15] Teixeira-Gandra, C. F. A., da Silva, G. M., Damé, R. D. C. F., Neta, M. C. C. C., Villela, F. A., Méllo, L. B., do Couto, R. S. (2019, October). Evaluation of droughts in the State of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, using the standardized precipitation index (SPI) and the Moreno Index (MI). In international congress on engineering and sustainability in the XXI century (pp. 125-137). Springer, Cham.
[16] Babaei, F.A. and Alijani, B. (45AD) Spatial analysis of Iran’s long-term droughts. Natural geography research. 3 1–12.
[17] Hakimdost, Y., Rastegar, M., Pourzeidi, A., & Hatami, H. (2014). Analysis of the Climate Drought and Its Effects on Spatial Patterns of Location in Rural Settlement (Case study villages in Mazandaran Province). Journal of geography and environmental hazards, 3(3), 61–76.
[18] Jamalizadeh, N. and Zohoorian., P. (2015) Analysis and zoning of droughts in Khuzestan Province. 3rd national conference on sustainable development in geography and planning. Architecture and urban planning, Tehran.
[19] Mohammadi, M. (2016) Shadegan Wetland Destruction and Environmental Consequences, as well as the effect of this increase on dust phenomenon in Khuzestan province and neighboring areas. Third National Conference on Environment, Energy, and Biodiversity.
[20] Afshar, M. H., Al-Yaari, A., Yilmaz, M. T. (2021). Comparative evaluation of microwave L-Band VOD and optical NDVI for agriculture drought detection over Central Europe. Remote sensing, 13(7), 1251.
[21] Xie, F., Fan, H. (2021). Deriving drought indices from MODIS vegetation indices (NDVI/EVI) and Land Surface Temperature (LST): Is data reconstruction necessary?. International Journal of applied earth observation and geoinformation, 101, 102352.
[22] Gadedjisso-Tossou, A., Adjegan, K.I., and Kablan, A.K.M. (2021) Rainfall and temperature trend analysis by Mann–Kendall test and significance for rainfed cereal yields in Northern Togo. Sci. 3 (1), 17.
[23] Fooladi, M., Golmohammadi, M. H., Safavi, H. R., Mirghafari, R., Akbari, H. (2021). Trend analysis of hydrological and water quality variables to detect anthropogenic effects and climate variability on a river basin scale: A case study of Iran. Journal of hydro-environment research, 34, 11–23.
[24] Huang, W., Yang, J., Liu, Y., Yu, E. (2021). Spatiotemporal variations of drought in the arid region of Northwestern China during 1950–2012. Advances in meteorology, 2021.
[25] McKee, T. B., Doesken, N. J., Kleist, J. (1993, January). The relationship of drought frequency and duration to time scales. In proceedings of the 8th conference on applied climatology (Vol. 17, No. 22, pp. 179-183).
[26] Alizadeh, A. (1998). Principles of applied hydrology, Astan Quds Razavi. Emam Reza University, Mashad, Iran (in Persian), 14–16.
[27] Hayes, M. and J., M. (1999) Drought indices, In drought happens. Climate impacts specialist, National drought mitigation center. P.8.
[28] Vicente-Serrano, S. M., López-Moreno, J. I., Drumond, A., Gimeno, L., Nieto, R., Morán-Tejeda, E., Zabalza, J. (2011). Effects of warming processes on droughts and water resources in the NW Iberian Peninsula (1930− 2006). Climate research, 48(2-3), 203-212.
[29] Wang, B., Shi, W., Miao, Z. (2015). Confidence analysis of standard deviational ellipse and its extension into higher dimensional Euclidean space. PloS one, 10(3), e0118537.
[30] Frank, A., Armenski, T., Gocic, M., Popov, S., Popovic, L., Trajkovic, S. (2017). Influence of mathematical and physical background of drought indices on their complementarity and drought recognition ability. Atmospheric research, 194, 268–280.
[31] Hejazizadeh, Z., Joyzedeh, S. (2010). Introduction to drought and its indexes
[32] Martınez-Cob, A., Tejero-Juste, M. (2004). A wind-based qualitative calibration of the Hargreaves ET0 estimation equation in semiarid regions. Agricultural water management, 64(3), 251–264.
[33] Popova, Z., Kercheva, M., Pereira, L. S. (2006). Validation of the FAO methodology for computing ETo with limited data. Application to South Bulgaria. Irrigation and drainage: The journal of the International commission on irrigation and drainage, 55(2), 201-215.
[34] Balyani, Y. and Doost, H. (2014). Fundamentals of spatial data processing using spatial analysis methods. Azad peyman publications.
[35] Johnston, Kevin, Jay M. Ver Hoef, Konstantin Krivoruchko, and Neil Lucas. Using ArcGIS geostatistical analyst. Vol. 380. Redlands: Esri, 2001.
[36] Salimi, S., Balyani, S., Hosseini, S.A., and Momenpour, S.E. (2018) The prediction of spatial and temporal distribution of precipitation regime in Iran: the case of Fars province. Modeling earth systems and environment. 4(2), 565–577.
[37] Martínez, W.A., Melo, C.E., and Melo, O.O. (2017) Median Polish Kriging for space–time analysis of precipitation. Spatial statistics. 19, 1–20.
[38] Joyizadeh, S., Haddadi, S., and Dorraninejad, M. (2017) Spatial statistics (Spatial data analysis).
[39] Mitchel, A. (2009) The esri guide to gis analysis. ERSI Press.
[40] Fisher, N., Lewis, T., Embleton, B. (1987). Statistical analysis of spherical data, Cambridge University. Press, Cambridge.
[41] Anselin, L. (1988). Spatial econometrics: methods and models (Vol. 4). Springer science and business media.
[42] Anselin, L. (2000) Part 2 The Link between GIS and spatial analysis. Journal of geographical systems. 2(1), 11–15.
[43] Anselin, L., Florax, R., Rey, S. J. (Eds.). (2013). Advances in spatial econometrics: methodology, tools and applications. Springer science and business media.
[44] Boots, B.N. and Kanaroglou, P.S. (1988) Incorporating the effect of spatial structure in discrete choice models of migration. Journal of regional science. 28(4), 495–510.
[45] Burnham, K. P. (1998). Model selection and multimodel inference. A practical information-theoretic approach.
[46] Ord, J.K. and Getis, A. (2010) Local Spatial Autocorrelation Statistics: Distributional Issues and an Application. Geographical analysis. 27(4), 286–306.