Selection of the best leachate treatment method for the waste of leek fields using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)

Nabavi, Erfan; Sabour, Mohammadreza; Dezvareh, Ghorban Ali

doi:10.22104/aet.2021.4967.1339

Selection of the best leachate treatment method for the waste of leek fields using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

Faculty of Civil Engineering, Khaje Nasir Toosi University of Technology, Tehran, Iran

10.22104/aet.2021.4967.1339

Abstract

A large amount of fruit and vegetable waste is generated every day in big cities. The efficient disposal of such biodegradable waste can be considered a challenge. Leachate contains large amounts of pollutants, and treating it is very complex, expensive, and requires a variety of hybrid processes. This study used the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to analyze suitable treatment methods for the leachate from fruit and leek fields. Quantitative and qualitative parameters or a combination of these parameters were used as defined in Expert Choice software. The criteria used for this purpose included chemical oxygen demand (COD), biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), COD/BOD, temperature, TOC, pH, total dissolved solids (TDS), total suspended solids (TSS), and time. These criteria, which are important for leachate classification, were identified and extracted by experts; their importance was ranked by AHP software. The research process was divided into two parts to ascertain a faster method: the significance of the parameter time and the insignificance of the parameter time. Biological treatment methods outperformed the other methods where the parameter time was insignificant. In the cases where the parameter time was significant, chemical methods and, in particular, two methods with ozone compounds (Ozone + GAC, Ozone + H₂O₂) outperformed the other methods.

Keywords

Main Subjects

water and wastewater treatment

References

[1] Sharma, A., Singh, Y., Gupta, S. K., Singh, N. K. (2021). Application of response surface methodology to optimize diesel engine parameters fuelled with pongamia biodiesel/diesel blends. Energy sources, part A: recovery, utilization and environmental effects, 43(2), 133-144.

[2] Lee, D. J., Yoon, Y. M., Choi, I. W., Bae, J. S., Seo, D. C. (2017). Effect of seasonal variations of organic loading rate and acid phase on methane yield of food waste leachate in South Korea. Applied biological chemistry, 60(1), 87-93.

[3] Sindhu, R., Gnansounou, E., Rebello, S., Binod, P., Varjani, S., Thakur, I. S., Pandey, A. (2019). Conversion of food and kitchen waste to value-added products. Journal of environmental management, 241, 619-630.

[4] Bouallagui, H., Cheikh, R. B., Marouani, L., Hamdi, M. (2003). Mesophilic biogas production from fruit and vegetable waste in a tubular digester. Bioresource technology, 86(1), 85-89.

[5] Ji, C., Kong, C. X., Mei, Z. L., Li, J. (2017). A review of the anaerobic digestion of fruit and vegetable waste. Applied biochemistry and biotechnology, 183(3), 906-922.

[6] Bouallagui, H., Touhami, Y., Cheikh, R. B., Hamdi, M. (2005). Bioreactor performance in anaerobic digestion of fruit and vegetable wastes. Process biochemistry, 40(3-4), 989-995.

[7] Garcia-Peña, E. I., Parameswaran, P., Kang, D. W., Canul-Chan, M., Krajmalnik-Brown, R. (2011). Anaerobic digestion and co-digestion processes of vegetable and fruit residues: process and microbial ecology. Bioresource technology, 102(20), 9447-9455.

[8] Zhao, J., Lu, X. Q., Luo, J. H., Liu, J. Y., Xu, Y. F., Zhao, A. H., Peng, B. (2013). Characterization of fresh leachate from a refuse transfer station under different seasons. International biodeterioration and biodegradation, 85, 631-637.

[9] Gu, N., Liu, J., Ye, J., Chang, N., Li, Y. Y. (2019). Bioenergy, ammonia and humic substances recovery from municipal solid waste leachate: A review and process integration. Bioresource technology, 293, 122159.

[10] Oz, N. A., Yarimtepe, C. C. (2014). Ultrasound assisted biogas production from landfill leachate. Waste management, 34(7), 1165-1170.

[11] Luo, J., Zhou, J., Qian, G., Liu, J. (2014). Effective anaerobic biodegradation of municipal solid waste fresh leachate using a novel pilot-scale reactor: comparison under different seeding granular sludge. Bioresource technology, 165, 152-157.

[12] Liu, J., Hu, J., Zhong, J., Luo, J., Zhao, A., Liu, F., Xu, Z. P. (2011). The effect of calcium on the treatment of fresh leachate in an expanded granular sludge bed bioreactor. Bioresource technology, 102(9), 5466-5472.

[13] You, S. J., Zhao, Q. L., Jiang, J. Q., Zhang, J. N., Zhao, S. Q. (2006). Sustainable approach for leachate treatment: electricity generation in microbial fuel cell. Journal of environmental science and health part A, 41(12), 2721-2734.

[14] Xu, Y., Chen, C., Li, X., Lin, J., Liao, Y., Jin, Z. (2017). Recovery of humic substances from leachate nanofiltration concentrate by a two-stage process of tight ultrafiltration membrane. Journal of cleaner production, 161, 84-94.

[15] Li, X. Z., Zhao, Q. L. (2003). Recovery of ammonium-nitrogen from landfill leachate as a multi-nutrient fertilizer. Ecological engineering, 20(2), 171-181.

[16] Amin, M. M., Hashemi, H., Bina, B., Ebrahimi, A., Pourzamani, H. R., Ebrahimi, A. (2014). Environmental pollutants removal from composting leachate using anaerobic biological treatment process. International Journal of health system and disaster management, 2(3), 136.

[17] Karimi, A., Golbabaei, F., Mehrnia, M. R., Neghab, M., Mohammad, K., Nikpey, A., Pourmand, M. R. (2013). Oxygen mass transfer in a stirred tank bioreactor using different impeller configurations for environmental purposes. Iranian journal of environmental health science and engineering, 10(1), 1-9.

[18] Ghaly, A. E., Kamal, M. A., Mahmoud, N. S., Cote, R. (2007). Treatment of landfill leachate using limestone/sandstone filters under aerobic batch conditions. American journal of environmental sciences, 3(2), 43-53.

[19] Hashemi, H., Ebrahimi, A., Mokhtari, M., Jasemizad, T. (2016). Removal of PAHs and heavy metals in composting leachate using the anaerobic migrating blanket reactor (AMBR) process. Desalination and water treatment, 57(52), 24960-24969.

[20] Karimi, B., Ehrampoush, M. H., Mokhtari, M., & Ebrahimi, A. (2011). Comparisons of three advanced oxidation processes in organic matter removal from Esfahan composting factory leachate. Iranian journal of health and environment, 4(2), 149-158.

[21] Salem, Z., Hamouri, K., Djemaa, R., Allia, K. (2008). Evaluation of landfill leachate pollution and treatment. Desalination, 220(1-3), 108-114.

[22] Takdastan, A., Mehrdadi, N., Azimi, A., Torabian, A., Bidhendi, G. (2009). Investigation of intermittent chlorination system in biological excess sludge reduction by sequencing batch reactors. Journal of environmental health science and engineering, 6(1), 53-60.

[23] Takdastan, A., Pazoki, M. (2011). Study of biological excess sludge reduction in sequencing batch reactor by heating the reactor. Asian journal of chemistry, 23(1), 29-33.

[24] Mojiri, A., Aziz, H. A., Aziz, S. Q. (2013). Trends in physical-chemical methods for landfill leachate treatment. International journal of scientific research in environmental sciences, 1(2), 16-25.

[25] Mahamuni, N. N., Adewuyi, Y. G. (2010). Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) involving ultrasound for waste water treatment: a review with emphasis on cost estimation. Ultrasonics sonochemistry, 17(6), 990-1003.

[26] Padoley, K. V., Saharan, V. K., Mudliar, S. N., Pandey, R. A., Pandit, A. B. (2012). Cavitationally induced biodegradability enhancement of a distillery wastewater. Journal of hazardous materials, 219, 69-74.

[27] Gogate, P. R., Pandit, A. B. (2004). A review of imperative technologies for wastewater treatment I: oxidation technologies at ambient conditions. Advances in environmental research, 8(3-4), 501-551.

[28] Gogate, P. R., Patil, P. N. (2015). Combined treatment technology based on synergism between hydrodynamic cavitation and advanced oxidation processes. Ultrasonics sonochemistry, 25, 60-69.

[29] Saaty, T. L. (1977). A scaling method for priorities in hierarchical structures. Journal of mathematical psychology, 15(3), 234-281.

[30] Wei, C., Wei, J., Kong, Q., Fan, D., Qiu, G., Feng, C., Wei, C. (2020). Selection of optimum biological treatment for coking wastewater using analytic hierarchy process. Science of the total environment, 742, 140400.

[31] Bick, A., Oron, G. (2004). Optimal treatment selection for wastewater upgrading for unrestricted reuse and environmental control. In operations research society-Israel meeting.

[32] Akintorinwa, O. J., Okoro, O. V. (2019). Combine electrical resistivity method and multi-criteria GIS-based modeling for landfill site selection in the Southwestern Nigeria. Environmental earth sciences, 78(5), 1-16.

[33] Saatsaz, M., Mojallal, H., Monsef, I., Masoumi, Z. (2020). A multi-method approach to reevaluate the suitability of an old active dumpsite: an application in the Abhar Plain, Iran. Journal of material cycles and waste management, 22(2), 578-603.

[34] Chan, Y. J., Chong, M. F., Law, C. L., Hassell, D. G. (2009). A review on anaerobic–aerobic treatment of industrial and municipal wastewater. Chemical engineering journal, 155(1-2), 1-18.

[35] Álvarez, J. A., Ruiz, I., Gómez, M., Presas, J., Soto, M. (2006). Start-up alternatives and performance of an UASB pilot plant treating diluted municipal wastewater at low temperature. Bioresource technology, 97(14), 1640-1649.

[36] Leitão, R. (2004). Robustness of UASB reactors treating sewage under tropical conditions.

[37] Bodik, I., Herdova, B., Drtil, M. (2000). Anaerobic treatment of the municipal wastewater under psychrophilic conditions. Bioprocess engineering, 22(5), 385-390.

[38] Crone, B. C., Garland, J. L., Sorial, G. A., Vane, L. M. (2016). Significance of dissolved methane in effluents of anaerobically treated low strength wastewater and potential for recovery as an energy product: A review. Water research, 104, 520-531.

[39] ] Seghezzo, L. (2004). Anaerobic treatment of domestic wastewater in subtropical regions.

[40] Kalyuzhnyi, S. V., Sklyar, V. I., Davlyatshina, M. A., Parshina, S. N., Simankova, M. V., Kostrikina, N. A., Nozhevnikova, A. N. (1996). Organic removal and microbiological features of UASB-reactor under various organic loading rates. Bioresource technology, 55(1), 47-54

[41] Lettinga, G., Rebac, S., Zeeman, G. (2001). Challenge of psychrophilic anaerobic wastewater treatment. TRENDS in biotechnology, 19(9), 363-370.

[42] Li, Y., Wang, J., Liu, Y. (2008, May). Degradation of landfill leachate and short chain organic acids by catalytic wet air oxidation over Mn/Ce and Co/Bi catalysts. In 2008 2nd international conference on bioinformatics and biomedical engineering (pp. 3047-3050). IEEE.

[43] Iurascu, B., Siminiceanu, I., Vione, D., Vicente, M. A., & Gil, A. (2009). Phenol degradation in water through a heterogeneous photo-Fenton process catalyzed by Fe-treated laponite. Water research, 43(5), 1313-1322.

[44] Karimi, B., Ehrampoush, M. H., Ebrahimi, A., Mokhtari, M. (2013). The study of leachate treatment by using three advanced oxidation process based wet air oxidation. Iranian journal of environmental health science and engineering, 10(1), 1-7.

[45] Ghodeif, K. (2013). Baseline assessment study for wastewater treatment plant for Al Gozayyera Village, West Kantara City, Ismailia Governorate, Egypt. Network of demonstration activities for sustainable integrated wastewater treatment and reuse in the Mediterranean: Cairo, Egypt.

[46] Crini, G., Lichtfouse, E. (2019). Advantages and disadvantages of techniques used for wastewater treatment. Environmental chemistry letters, 17(1), 145-155.

[47] Vickers, N. J. (2017). Animal communication: when i’m calling you, will you answer too?. Current biology, 27(14), R713-R715.

[48] Parsons, S. (Ed.). (2004). Advanced oxidation processes for water and wastewater treatment. IWA publishing.

[49] Raut-Jadhav, S., Badve, M. P., Pinjari, D. V., Saini, D. R., Sonawane, S. H., Pandit, A. B. (2016). Treatment of the pesticide industry effluent using hydrodynamic cavitation and its combination with process intensifying additives (H₂O₂ and ozone). Chemical engineering journal, 295, 326-335.

[50] Iervolino, G., Zammit, I., Vaiano, V., Rizzo, L. (2020). Limitations and prospects for wastewater treatment by UV and visible-light-active heterogeneous photocatalysis: a critical review. Heterogeneous photocatalysis, 225-264.

[51] Domingues, E., Gomes, J., Quina, M. J., Quinta-Ferreira, R. M., Martins, R. C. (2018). Detoxification of olive mill wastewaters by Fenton’s process. Catalysts, 8(12), 662.

[52] Jalalipour, H., Jaafarzadeh, N., Morscheck, G., Narra, S., Nelles, M. (2020). Potential of producing compost from source-separated municipal organic waste (A case study in Shiraz, Iran). Sustainability, 12(22), 9704.

[53] Naziris, I. A., Lagaros, N. D., Papaioannou, K. (2016). Optimized fire protection of cultural heritage structures based on the analytic hierarchy process. Journal of building engineering, 8, 292-304.

[54] Salari, M., Rakhshandehroo, G. R., Nikoo, M. R. (2018). Degradation of ciprofloxacin antibiotic by Homogeneous Fenton oxidation: Hybrid AHP-PROMETHEE method, optimization, biodegradability improvement and identification of oxidized by-products. Chemosphere, 206, 157-167.

[55] Chakraborty, S., Kumar, R. N. (2016). Assessment of groundwater quality at a MSW landfill site using standard and AHP based water quality index: a case study from Ranchi, Jharkhand, India. Environmental monitoring and assessment, 188(6), 335.

[56] Khan, D., Samadder, S. R. (2015). A simplified multi-criteria evaluation model for landfill site ranking and selection based on AHP and GIS. Journal of environmental engineering and landscape management, 23(4), 267-278.

[57] Lee, S., Kim, W., Kim, Y. M., Lee, H. Y., Oh, K. J. (2014). The prioritization and verification of IT emerging technologies using an analytic hierarchy process and cluster analysis. Technological forecasting and social change, 87, 292-304.

[58] Neshat, A. R., Dadras, M., Safarpour, S. (2018). A GIS-based comparative study of statistical methods for timeworn urban texture susceptibility mapping in Bandar Abbas city, Iran. Journal of geomatics science and technology, 7(4), 217-232.

[59] Biglarijoo, N., Mirbagheri, S. A., Bagheri, M., Ehteshami, M. (2017). Assessment of effective parameters in landfill leachate treatment and optimization of the process using neural network, genetic algorithm and response surface methodology. Process safety and environmental protection, 106, 89-103.

[60] Martin-Utrillas, M., Reyes-Medina, M., Curiel-Esparza, J., Canto-Perello, J. (2015). Hybrid method for selection of the optimal process of leachate treatment in waste treatment and valorization plants or landfills. Clean technologies and environmental policy, 17(4), 873-885.