Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology Advances in Environmental Technology 2476-6674 9 4 2023 10 01 Treatment of septage using lab-scale hybrid constructed wetland system 322 328 1313 10.22104/aet.2023.6251.1724 EN Swati Singh Department of Environmental Science, Graphic Era (Deemed to be) University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India Pradeep Kumar Sharma Department of Environmental Science, Graphic Era (Deemed to be) University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India Anju Rani Department of Microbiology, Graphic Era (Deemed to be) University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India Pratibha Naithani Department of Environmental Science, Graphic Era (Deemed to be) University, Dehradun, Uttarakhand, India 0000-0001-6895-0596 Journal Article 2023 04 24 A lab based hybrid constructed wetland system (1.645 m2) consisting of sludge drying bed (0.135 m2), vertical sub-surface flow bed (0.58 m2), and horizontal sub-surface flow bed (0.93 m2) was operated for the treatment of septage. All the beds were filled with gravels of varied sizes (5-40 mm), sand (0.25 mm) and planted with Canna indica L. Average concentration in influent and effluent was observed as; BOD5 (2395.6±1196.4 and 41.87±8.9 mg/L), COD (7442± 7342.6 and 29.6±7.6 mg/L), TSS (4965.9±801.69 and 336.1±152.9 mg/L), TN (1774.8±693.5 and 55.7±13.7 mg/L), and Total P (849.3±237.7 and 7.05±3.5mg/L) during study period. Hybrid System was operated with high influent loads of BOD5 (175.2± 87.5 g m-2 d-1), COD (544.5±537 g m-2 d-1), TSS (363.3±58.6 g m-2 d-1), Total N (129.8±50.7 g m-2 d-1), NH4-N (7.8±1.1 g m-2 d-1), and Total P (62.1±17.4 g m-2 d-1), throughout the study period. Hybrid-CW has showed significant removal of BOD5 (99.1±0.3%), COD (99.7±0.3%), TS (98.2±6.8%), TSS (96.9±4.9%), Total N (98.4±0.4 %), NH4-N (94.8±0.1%), and Total P (99.6±0.1%) from the septage. Finally treated septage met effluent discharge standards for all parameters except BOD5. https://aet.irost.ir/article_1313_f09696910bdd874a99cd74c8f05b5c44.pdf