Document Type : Research Paper
Authors
1
Department of biology, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahrez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
2
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahrez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah university, fez, Morocco.
3
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahrez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah University, Fez, Morocco.
4
Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mahrez, Sidi Mohammed Ben Abdellah, Fez, Morocco
Abstract
This article investigates the effluents from the brassware in the city of Fez, Morocco, which is considered one of the principal economic activities in the region but such effluents have a harmful the environment and human health because of its heavy metal loading. The objective of this study is to determine the physicochemical, metallic, and microbiological characteristics of the brassware effluents. And also, to demonstrate degree and the nature of pollution generated by the studied effluents, from September to April 2022. The samples were collected each month from a brassware company to evaluate the physicochemical parameters, Temperature, pH, electrical conductivity, suspended solids, chemical oxygen demand, biological oxygen demand, sulfates, orthophosphate ions, total Kjeldahl nitrogen, nitrates, nitrites, and ammonium), metals (silver, aluminum, cadmium, cobalt, chromium, copper, nickel and lead), and microbiological, total aerobic microbial bacteria, total coliforms, and fecal coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus, molds, and yeasts; of pollution using standard methods. The results collected during the month of March show that the studied effluents have a pH = 10.4 ± 0.16, electrical conductivity of 6.93 ± 0.11 mS.cm-1, suspended solids of 3078.15 ± 121.85 mg.L-1, chemical oxygen demand of 680.44 ± 10.84 mg O2.L-1 and sulfates of 1755.44 ± 21.56 mg.L-1, which do not correspond to Moroccan rejection standards. The metal analysis shows that the studied effluents exhibit high concentrations of nickel (999.96 ± 0.08 mg.L-1) and copper (76.48 ± 0.002 mg.L-1) during this month. Nevertheless, they are characterized by the absence of pathogenic germs. In general, the obtained results show that these effluents are characterized by monthly variations in values for all the measured parameters. These results provide important information on the negative impact of brassware wastewater on the environment, that should motivate municipal water utilities and researchers to find innovative solutions to this problem and protect the receiving environment.
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