Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
Advances in Environmental Technology
2476-6674
2476-4779
5
1
2019
01
01
Evaluation of LaBO3 (B=Mn, Cr, Mn0.5Cr0.5) perovskites in catalytic oxidation of trichloroethylene
1
8
EN
Samereh
Eskandarya
Department of Chemical Engineering, Mahshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahshahr, Iran
am.sam.esk@gmail.com
Sarah
Maghsoodi
Department of Chemical Engineering, Mahshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahshahr, Iran
maghsoodi_mahshahr@yahoo.com
Amirhossein
Shahbazi Kootenaei
Department of Chemical Engineering, Mahshahr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mahshahr, Iran
kootena@gmail.com
10.22104/aet.2019.3559.1175
<span>In this study, La</span><span lang="PT-BR">–</span><span>Mn</span><span lang="PT-BR">–</span><span>Cr perovskite-type catalysts were synthesized as </span><span>LaMnO<sub>3</sub>,</span><span>LaCrO<sub>3</sub>, and LaMn<sub>0.5</sub>Cr<sub>0.5</sub>O<sub>3 </sub></span><span>by a microwave-assisted gel-combustion method. They were then calcined at 600<sup>o</sup>C for 5h</span><span> in air</span><span>. X-ray diffraction (XRD) </span><span>analysis indicated that the crystalline perovskite phase is the dominant phase formed in all the synthesized samples. </span><span>The scanning electron microscopy (SEM)</span><span> analysis showed that the perovskites have a full spongy and porous structure. </span><span>The specific surface area (BET)</span><span> analysis showed a specific surface area of about 12.4</span><span lang="PT-BR">-</span><span>26.8 m<sup>2</sup>/g, and the highest specific surface area belonged to the LaMn<sub>0.5</sub>Cr<sub>0.5</sub>O<sub>3</sub> perovskite. Moreover, the highest oxygen mobility revealed by the </span><span>temperature-programmed desorption of oxygen (O<sub>2</sub></span><span lang="PT-BR">–</span><span>TPD) </span><span>analysis was related to </span><span>the LaMn<sub>0.5</sub>Cr<sub>0.5</sub>O<sub>3 </sub>sample</span><span>. </span><span>The catalytic activity of the synthesized perovskites in catalytic oxidation of 1000 ppm trichloroethylene (TCE) in air was investigated at different temperatures</span><span>. The substituted perovskite (</span><span>LaMn<sub>0.5</sub>Cr<sub>0.5</sub>O<sub>3</sub>) with the highest BET specific surface area and the highest oxygen mobility </span><span>yielded the best catalytic performance among the probed perovskites. </span>
Perovskite,Catalyst,Oxidation,Volatile Organic Compound,Gel–Combustion
https://aet.irost.ir/article_844.html
https://aet.irost.ir/article_844_7a8af94fcad7fc1b66525fbfee72e764.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
Advances in Environmental Technology
2476-6674
2476-4779
5
1
2019
01
01
Fast and environmental-friendly degradation of tert-butyl mercaptan from contaminated soil using bimetallic-modified Fenton process
9
21
EN
Pejman
Roohi
Environmental Engineering Research Center (EERC), Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Sahand New Town, Tabriz, Iran
pejman.roohi@gmail.com
Esmaeil
Fatehifar
Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Sahand New Town, Tabriz, Iran
fatehifar@sut.ac.ir
10.22104/aet.2019.3561.1176
In this work, the fast remediation of <em>tert</em>-butyl mercaptan from the polluted soil via a bimetallic Fenton treatment that included Fe<sup>2+</sup>/Fe<sup>3+</sup>/Fe<sup>0</sup>/Cu<sup>2+</sup> in the presence of gasoline was studied. The analysis of variance and the Pareto analysis resulting from the central composite design (CCD) showed that the H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, CuSO<sub>4</sub>, Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles, nano zerovalent iron (nZVI), and gasoline initial concentrations as a secondary contaminant were influential factors on the removal efficiency of tert-butyl mercaptan (with an effectiveness of 2.09%, 13.38%, 1.92%, 2.01%, and 39.73% respectively). Moreover, the interaction of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>/nZVI, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>/nFe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>/CuSO<sub>4</sub>, nZVI/nFe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>, and nZVI/CuSO<sub>4</sub> had a positive effect on removal efficiency, while nFe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/CuSO<sub>4 </sub>had a negative one. Surprisingly, the mixing of nZVI and nFe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> before adding them to the reactor did not affect the removal efficiency. The optimum conditions suggested for the maximum removal efficiency of tert-butyl mercaptan were the minimum levels of the initial gasoline concentration (2.5 %w/w), a maximum level of CuSO<sub>4</sub> (0.12 %w/w), and an optimum concentration of H<sub>2</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, nano-ZVI, and nano-Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> (8.92 %w/v, 0.1194 %w/w and 0.0898 %w/w, respectively) in the studied intervals. This condition led to a 99.27% efficiency removal of tert-butyl mercaptan removal in 20 minutes without pH and temperature adjustments.
bimetallic,Modified Fenton,Remediation,tert-butyl mercaptan,Optimization
https://aet.irost.ir/article_857.html
https://aet.irost.ir/article_857_a2e492186c68be208a21751f718d5510.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
Advances in Environmental Technology
2476-6674
2476-4779
5
1
2019
01
01
Electrochemical hydrogenation and desulfurization of thiophenic compounds over MoS2 electrocatalyst using different membrane-electrode assembly
23
33
EN
Foad
Mehri
0000-0001-9994-1633
School of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran
foad_mehri@chemeng.iust.ac.ir
Soosan
Rowshanzamir
0000-0001-7828-6684
School of Chemical, Petroleum and Gas Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Narmak, Tehran, Iran
rowshanzamir@iust.ac.ir
10.22104/aet.2019.3647.1178
<span><span>The desulfurization-hydrogenation of thiophene and benzothiophene in hexadecane as a model diesel fuel was studied through a divided cell with the incorporation of a membrane electrode assembly (MEA) under different current density at a constant charge. The reduction of the thiophenic compounds was investigated using a prepared MoS<sub>2</sub> nano-electrocatalyst, Nafion (commercial proton exchange membrane), and synthesized sulfonated poly ether ether ketone (SPEEK). Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) were used to characterize the MoS<sub>2</sub> electrocatalyst, which confirmed the formation of 23-25 nm ball-like nano-threads of MoS<sub>2</sub>. Also, the electrocatalyst and/or MEA was electrochemically analyzed by cyclic voltammetry (CV), linear sweep voltammetry (LSV), and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS) analysis of the reactants and products revealed the direct desulfurization on the thiophene reduction process and the desulfurization along with the desulfurization pathway on the benzothiophene reduction experiment. A maximum desulfurization efficiency of 79.6% at 20 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> and 51.5% at 30 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> under the constant charge of 300 C was obtained for thiophene using the MoS<sub>2</sub>-Nafion and MoS<sub>2</sub>-SPEEK system, respectively. Moreover, a maximum hydrogenation and desulfurization efficiency of 28% and 59.1% occurred at 50 mA cm<sup>-2</sup> and 70 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>, respectively, for the benzohiophene-Nafion system under the constant charge of 400 C. The distribution of the products affirmed that the desulfurization reaction contributed more at a higher current density against the hydrogenation process at a lower current density.</span></span>
Hydrogenation,Desulfurization,Thiophenic,MoS2 electrocatalyst,Membrane-electrode assembly
https://aet.irost.ir/article_837.html
https://aet.irost.ir/article_837_9189d42a46a458bc115cefc216d74b3e.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
Advances in Environmental Technology
2476-6674
2476-4779
5
1
2019
01
01
Green technology used in finishing process study of wrinkled cotton fabric by radial basis function (Experimental and modeling analysis)
35
45
EN
Mir Saeid
Hesarian
Faculty of Textile Engineering, Urmia University of Technology, Urmia, Iran.
s.hesarian@uut.ac.ir
Jafar
Tavoosi
Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ilam University, Ilam, Iran.
j.tavoosi@ilam.ac.ir
10.22104/aet.2019.3730.1183
The wrinkling of cotton fabric is an important factor that affects a garment's appearance. This paper evaluated the use of a non-toxic green anti-wrinkle material in the finishing process to address this issue. For this purpose, the chemical structure of the wrinkled cotton sample was evaluated and treated with a scouring and anti-creasing finishing material. Due to the environmental issues created by the toxic material used as finishes, the type of anti-wrinkle material used in this study had the least possible environmental impact. The mechanism of this anti-crease finishing was based on the crosslinking of cellulose molecular chains. This process limited the chain movements made by wrinkling. Accordingly, the effect of the mentioned mechanism and structural parameters such as the thickness, weight, density of the weft yarn, and linear density of the weft yarn (Ne) were evaluated. The wrinkle degree of the samples was analyzed by using a radial basis function neural network (RBFN). This RBFN modeled the relationships between the degree of wrinkling in the fabrics and the mentioned parameters, especially the anti-crease finishing of the samples. The simulation results confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed method.
Green Technology,cellulose chain,Wrinkle development,anti-Wrinkle Finishing,Neural Network
https://aet.irost.ir/article_871.html
https://aet.irost.ir/article_871_541a2a25587de605ce71effedcd172dd.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
Advances in Environmental Technology
2476-6674
2476-4779
5
1
2019
01
01
Removal of Anionic Surfactant from Residential Laundry Wastewater using Jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus) seeds
47
53
EN
Shimeles Addisu
Kitte
0000-0001-8023-5165
Department of Chemistry, College of Natural Sciences, Jimma University, P. O. Box 378, Jimma, Ethiopia.
shimeles.addisu1@gmail.com
Solomon
Dressa
Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Technology, Public Health Faculty, Institute of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
soledera19@gmail.com
Hailu
Endale
Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Technology, Public Health Faculty, Institute of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
hailuendale@gmail.com
Dessalegn
Dadi
Department of Environmental Health Sciences and Technology, Public Health Faculty, Institute of Health Sciences, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
dessalegn.dadi@ju.edu.et
10.22104/aet.2020.3841.1189
The study presented in this article investigated the removal of a long chain anionic surfactant from residential laundry wastewater using jackfruit (<em>Artocarpus heterophyllus</em>) seeds. The main ingredients of laundry wastewater are the surfactants. Therefore, great attention should be given to the treatment and disposal of laundry wastewater. The use of natural substitutes in treating wastewater has no harmful effects, and it is considered an effective step towards protecting the environment and promoting sustainability. Jar test experiments were conducted in order to determine the optimum conditions for the removal of surfactants, chemical oxygen demand (COD), biological oxygen demand (BOD), turbidity in terms of effective dosage, and pH control. The surfactant, COD, BOD, and turbidity removal efficiencies were 91.66%, 82.86%, 77.66%, and 85.14% at the optimum initial pH value of 6, the optimum dose of 2.5 g/L, and optimum mixing time of 25 minutes, respectively. It can be concluded that <em>Artocarpus heterophyllus</em> seed powder was a feasible and cost-effective natural coagulant for the removal of anionic surfactant from laundry wastewater. The results showed that the pseudo-second-order equation is the suitable model for this system.
Jack fruit seed,Coagulation,laundry waste water,anionic surfactant
https://aet.irost.ir/article_900.html
https://aet.irost.ir/article_900_da42aba25711d0bc52a80d50d9519274.pdf
Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology
Advances in Environmental Technology
2476-6674
2476-4779
5
1
2019
01
01
Removal of metronidazole antibiotic pharmaceutical from aqueous solution using TiO2/Fe2O3/GO photocatalyst: Experimental study on the effects of mineral salts
55
65
EN
Mehrdad
Farhadian
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
mehrdadfarhadian@yahoo.com
Negin
Entezami
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
entezaminegin@gmail.com
Nila
Davari
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
nila.davari@yahoo.com
10.22104/aet.2020.3952.1196
A TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/GO photocatalyst is synthesized via the sol-gel method and characterized by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF), FT-IR, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), and Ultraviolet-Visible Diffuse Reflection Spectroscopy (UV-Vis DRS) analyses. Metronidazole (MET) concentration (10-20 mg/L), photocatalyst concentration (0.5-1.5 g/L), irradiation time (60-120 min), and initial pH (4-6) are investigated through response surface methodology (RSM), and the optimal process conditions are determined. The removal efficiency of MET with the TiO<sub>2</sub>/Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>/GO photocatalyst is 97% under optimal conditions: a pollutant concentration of 10 mg/L, the irradiation time of 120 min, photocatalyst concentration of 1 g/L, and pH of 5. The influence of mineral salts concentrations (50-800 mg/L), including NaCl, Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>, NaHCO<sub>3</sub>, KCl, MgSO<sub>4</sub>, and CaCl<sub>2</sub>, are examined at the initial pH of 5, photocatalyst concentration of 1 g/L, and pollutant concentration of 20 mg/L. According to the results, the reaction rate constant decreases with an increase in mineral salts concentrations up to 800 mg/L, especially with Na<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub> (42.43% deactivation) and also with MgSO<sub>4</sub> (38.08%) and NaHCO<sub>3</sub> (37.73%), under the same operational conditions. The effects of mineral salts such as NaCl and KCl on the reaction rate constant for the contaminant removal efficiency have a downward trend until these salts reach a 200 mg/L concentration, and then they experience an upward trend.
Mineral salts,Reaction rate constant,Titanium dioxide,Graphene Oxide,Iron oxide (III)
https://aet.irost.ir/article_899.html
https://aet.irost.ir/article_899_017b6d23a2f8fa6bb41d3f22618494d0.pdf