ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Nanostructured Fe2O3/Al2O3 Adsorbent for removal of As (V) from water
The presence of arsenate in drinking water causes adverse health effects including skin lesions, diabetes, cancer, damage to the nervous system, and cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, the removal of As (V) from water is necessary. In this work, nanostructured adsorbent Fe2O3/Al2O3 was synthesized via the sol-gel method and applied to remove arsenate from polluted waters. First, the Fe2O3 load of the adsorbent was optimized. The Fe2O3/Al2O3 adsorbent was characterized by means of XRF, XRD, ASAP, and SEM techniques. The effects of the operating conditions of the batch process of As (V) adsorption such as pH, adsorbent dose, contact time, and initial concentration of As (V) solution were studied, and optimized. The thermodynamic study of the process showed that arsenate adsorption was endothermic. The kinetic model corresponded to the pseudo-second-order model. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm was better fitted to the experimental data. The Fe2O3/Al2O3 adsorbent was immobilized on leca granules and applied for As (V) adsorption. The results showed that the immobilization of Fe2O3/Al2O3 on leca particles improved the As (V) removal efficiency.
https://aet.irost.ir/article_539_db8e34013dd94db55ee039bc480ed222.pdf
2017-04-01
67
75
10.22104/aet.2017.2003.1099
Adsorption
Arsenate
Fe2O3/Al2O3
Immobilization
Water treatment
Faranak
Akhlaghian
akhlaghianfk@gmail.com
1
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Bubak
Souri
bubsouri@yahoo.com
2
Department of Environmental Science, Faculty of Natural Resources, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
AUTHOR
Zahra
Mohamadi
zahra.mohamadi.85@gmail.com
3
Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran
AUTHOR
1] Shevade, S., Ford, R. G. (2004). Use of synthetic zeolites for arsenate removal from pollutant water. Water research, 38(14), 3197-3204.
1
[2] Reza, R., Singh, G. (2010). Heavy metal contamination and its indexing approach for river water. International journal of environmental science and technology, 7(4), 785-792.
2
[3] Kundu, S., Kavalakatt, S. S., Pal, A., Ghosh, S. K., Mandal, M., Pal, T. (2004). Removal of arsenic using hardened paste of Portland cement: batch adsorption and column study. Water research, 38(17), 3780-3790.
3
[4] Sigdel, A., Park, J., Kwak, H., Park, P. K. (2016). Arsenic removal from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto hydrous iron oxide-impregnated alginate beads. Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry, 35, 277-286.
4
[5] Sigdel, A., Park, J., Kwak, H., Park, P. K. (2016). Arsenic removal from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto hydrous iron oxide-impregnated alginate beads. Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry, 35, 277-286.
5
[6] Han, C., Zhang, L., Chen, H., Shan, X., Li, X., Zhu, W., Luo, Y. (2016). Removal As (V) by sulfated mesoporous Fe–Al bimetallic adsorbent: Adsorption performance and uptake mechanism. Journal of environmental chemical engineering, 4(1), 711-718.
6
[7] Jeong, Y., Fan, M., Singh, S., Chuang, C. L., Saha, B., Van Leeuwen, J. H. (2007). Evaluation of iron oxide and aluminum oxide as potential arsenic (V) adsorbents. Chemical engineering and processing: Process intensification, 46(10), 1030-1039.
7
[8] Savina, I. N., English, C. J., Whitby, R. L., Zheng, Y., Leistner, A., Mikhalovsky, S. V., Cundy, A. B. (2011). High efficiency removal of dissolved As (III) using iron nanoparticle-embedded macroporous polymer composites. Journal of hazardous materials, 192(3), 1002-1008.
8
[9] Chen, B., Zhu, Z., Guo, Y., Qiu, Y., Zhao, J. (2013). Facile synthesis of mesoporous Ce–Fe bimetal oxide and its enhanced adsorption of arsenate from aqueous solutions. Journal of colloid and interface science, 398, 142-151.
9
[10] Kong, S., Wang, Y., Hu, Q., Olusegun, A. K. (2014). Magnetic nanoscale Fe–Mn binary oxides loaded zeolite for arsenic removal from synthetic groundwater. Colloids and surfaces A: Physicochemical and engineering aspects, 457, 220-227.
10
[11] Kumar, P. S., Önnby, L., Kirsebom, H. (2013). Arsenite adsorption on cryogels embedded with iron-aluminium double hydrous oxides: Possible polishing step for smelting wastewater. Journal of hazardous materials, 250, 469-476.
11
[12] Chen, H., Bednarova, L., Besser, R. S., Lee, W. Y. (2005). Surface-selective infiltration of thin-film catalyst into microchannel reactors. Applied catalysis A: General, 286(2), 186-195.
12
[13] Germani, G., Alphonse, P., Courty, M., Schuurman, Y., Mirodatos, C. (2005). Platinum/ceria/alumina catalysts on microstructures for carbon monoxide conversion. Catalysis today, 110(1), 114-120.
13
[14] Germani, G., Stefanescu, A., Schuurman, Y., Van Veen, A. C. (2007). Preparation and characterization of porous alumina-based catalyst coatings in microchannels. Chemical engineering science, 62(18), 5084-5091.
14
[15] Stefanescu, A., Van Veen, A. C., Mirodatos, C., Beziat, J. C., Duval-Brunel, E. (2007). Wall coating optimization for microchannel reactors. Catalysis today, 125(1), 16-23.
15
[16] Goswami, A., Raul, P. K., Purkait, M. K. (2012). Arsenic adsorption using copper (II) oxide nanoparticles. Chemical engineering research and design, 90(9), 1387-1396.
16
[17] Xiong, C., Li, Y., Wang, G., Fang, L., Zhou, S., Yao, C., Zhu, Y. (2015). Selective removal of Hg (II) with polyacrylonitrile-2-amino-1, 3, 4-thiadiazole chelating resin: batch and column study. Chemical engineering journal, 259, 257-265.
17
[18] Wu, K., Liu, T., Xue, W., Wang, X. (2012). Arsenic (III) oxidation/adsorption behaviors on a new bimetal adsorbent of Mn-oxide-doped Al oxide. Chemical engineering journal, 192, 343-349.
18
[19] Amini, G., Najafpour, G. D., Rabiee, S. M., Ghoreyshi, A. A. (2013). Synthesis and Characterization of Amorphous Nano‐Alumina Powders with High Surface Area for Biodiesel Production. Chemical engineering and technology, 36(10), 1708-1712.
19
[20] Biabani-Ravandi, A., Rezaei, M., Fattah, Z. (2013). Catalytic performance of Ag/Fe2O3 for the low temperature oxidation of carbon monoxide. Chemical engineering journal, 219, 124-130.
20
[21] Golsefidi, M.A., Abbasi, F., Abrodi, M., Abbasi, Z., Yazarlou, F. (2016). Synthesis characterization and photocatalytic activity of Fe2O3-TiO2 nanoparticles and nanocomposite. Journal of nanostructures, 6 (1), 61-66.
21
[22] Leofanti, G., Padovan, M., Tozzola, G., Venturelli, B. (1998). Surface area and pore texture of catalysts. Catalysis today, 41(1), 207-219.
22
[23] Sahiner, N., Ozay, O., Aktas, N., Blake, D. A., John, V. T. (2011). Arsenic (V) removal with modifiable bulk and nano p(4-vinylpyridine)-based hydrogels: The effect of hydrogel sizes and quarternization agents. Desalination, 279(1), 344-352.
23
[24] Zheng, Y. M., Zou, S. W., Nanayakkara, K. N., Matsuura, T., Chen, J. P. (2011). Adsorptive removal of arsenic from aqueous solution by a PVDF/zirconia blend flat sheet membrane. Journal of membrane science, 374(1), 1-11.
24
[25] Kumar, A. S. K., Jiang, S. J. (2016). Chitosan-functionalized graphene oxide: A novel adsorbent an efficient adsorption of arsenic from aqueous solution. Journal of environmental chemical engineering, 4(2), 1698-1713.
25
[26] Lisha, K. P., Maliyekkal, S. M., Pradeep, T. (2010). Manganese dioxide nanowhiskers: a potential adsorbent for the removal of Hg (II) from water. Chemical engineering journal, 160(2), 432-439.
26
[27] Nath, B. K., Chaliha, C., Kalita, E., Kalita, M. C. (2016). Synthesis and characterization of ZnO: CeO 2: nanocellulose: PANI bionanocomposite. A bimodal agent for arsenic adsorption and antibacterial action. Carbohydrate polymers, 148, 397-405.
27
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Toxic metal removal from aqueous solution by advanced Carbon allotropes: a case study from the Sungun Copper Mine
The sorption efficiencies of graphene oxide (GO) and functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes (f-MWCNTs) were investigated and elucidated to study their potential in treating acid mine drainage (AMD) containing Cu2+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Pb2+, Fe3+ and Cd2+ metal ions. Several layered GO nanosheets and f-MWCNTs were formed via the modified Hummers’ method and the acid treatment of the MWCNTs, respectively. The prepared nanoadsorbents were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transformed infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, and BET surface area analysis. The batch method was utilized to evaluate the pH effect, sorption kinetics and isotherms. The results demonstrated that the sorption capacities of the MWCNTs increased greatly after oxidation and those of the GO decreased after reduction. Hence, the sorption mechanisms seemed principally assignable to the chemical interactions between the metal ions and the surface functional groups of the adsorbents. Additionally, the adsorption isotherm results clearly depicted that the adsorption of the Cu2+ ion onto the GO adsorbent surface was well fitted and found to be in good agreement with the Langmuir isotherm model as the obtained regression constant value (R2) was found to be 0.9981. All results indicated that GO was a promising material for the removal of toxic metal ions from aqueous solutions in actual pollution management.
https://aet.irost.ir/article_507_a6b99d6aaeb3d89c06e2e58fe94c7466.pdf
2017-04-01
77
87
10.22104/aet.2017.507
Graphene Oxide
Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes
Sorption process
Acid Mine Drainage
Sungun Copper Mine
Esmaeil
Rahimi
se_rahimi@azad.ac.ir
1
Department of Mining Engineering, Islamic Azad University- South Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
[1] Kalin, M., Fyson, A., Wheeler, W. N. (2006). The chemistry of conventional and alternative treatment systems for the neutralization of acid mine drainage. Science of the total environment, 366(2), 395-408.
1
[2] Matlock, M. M., Howerton, B. S., Atwood, D. A. (2002). Chemical precipitation of heavy metals from acid mine drainage. Water research, 36(19), 4757-4764.
2
[3] Mayer, K. U., Benner, S. G., Blowes, D. W. (2006). Process-based reactive transport modeling of a permeable reactive barrier for the treatment of mine drainage. Journal of contaminant hydrology, 85(3), 195-211.
3
[4] Motsi, T., Rowson, N. A., Simmons, M. J. H. (2009). Adsorption of heavy metals from acid mine drainage by natural zeolite. International journal of mineral processing, 92(1), 42-48.
4
[5] Rios, C. A., Williams, C. D., Roberts, C. L. (2008). Removal of heavy metals from acid mine drainage (AMD) using coal fly ash, natural clinker and synthetic zeolites. Journal of hazardous materials, 156(1), 23-35.
5
[6] Sheoran, A. S., Sheoran, V. (2006). Heavy metal removal mechanism of acid mine drainage in wetlands: a critical review. Minerals engineering, 19(2), 105-116.
6
[7] Johnson, D. B., Hallberg, K. B. (2005). Acid mine drainage remediation options: a review. Science of the total environment, 338(1), 3-14.
7
[8] Hasanzadeh, R., Moghadam, P. N., Bahri-Laleh, N., Sillanpää, M. (2017). Effective removal of toxic metal ions from aqueous solutions: 2-Bifunctional magnetic nanocomposite base on novel reactive PGMA-MAn copolymer@ Fe3O4 nanoparticles. Journal of colloid and interface science, 490, 727-746.
8
[9] Ivanets, A. I., Srivastava, V., Kitikova, N. V., Shashkova, I. L., Sillanpää, M. (2017). Non-apatite Ca-Mg phosphate sorbent for removal of toxic metal ions from aqueous solutions. Journal of environmental chemical engineering, 5(2), 2010-2017.
9
[10] Mahida, V. P., Patel, M. P. (2014). Synthesis of new superabsorbent poly (NIPAAm/AA/N-allylisatin) nanohydrogel for effective removal of As (V) and Cd (II) toxic metal ions. Chinese chemical letters, 25(4), 601-604
10
[11] Saravanan, P., Vinod, V. T. P., Sreedhar, B., Sashidhar, R. B. (2012). Gum kondagogu modified magnetic nano-adsorbent: An efficient protocol for removal of various toxic metal ions. Materials science and engineering: C, 32(3), 581-586.
11
[12] Wei, X., Viadero, R. C. (2007). Synthesis of magnetite nanoparticles with ferric iron recovered from acid mine drainage: Implications for environmental engineering. Colloids and surfaces A: Physicochemical and engineering aspects, 294(1), 280-286.
12
[13] Mauter, M. S., Elimelech, M. (2008). Environmental applications of carbon-based nanomaterials. Environmental science and technology, 42(16), 5843-5859.
13
[14] Pradeep, T. (2009). Noble metal nanoparticles for water purification: a critical review. Thin solid films, 517(24), 6441-6478.
14
[15] Ruparelia, J. P., Duttagupta, S. P., Chatterjee, A. K., Mukherji, S. O. U. M. Y. A. (2008). Potential of carbon nanomaterials for removal of heavy metals from water. Desalination, 232(1), 145-156.
15
[16] Giraldo, L., Erto, A., Moreno-Piraján, J. C. (2013). Magnetite nanoparticles for removal of heavy metals from aqueous solutions: synthesis and characterization. Adsorption, 19(2-4), 465-474.
16
[17] Akhbarizadeh, R., Shayestefar, M. R., Darezereshki, E. (2014). Competitive removal of metals from wastewater by maghemite nanoparticles: a comparison between simulated wastewater and AMD. Mine water and the environment, 33(1), 89-96.
17
[18] Klimkova, S., Cernik, M., Lacinova, L., Filip, J., Jancik, D., Zboril, R. (2011). Zero-valent iron nanoparticles in treatment of acid mine water from in situ uranium leaching. Chemosphere, 82(8), 1178-1184.
18
[19] Dreyer, D. R., Park, S., Bielawski, C. W., Ruoff, R. S. (2010). The chemistry of graphene oxide. Chemical society reviews, 39(1), 228-240.
19
[20] Zhao, G., Li, J., Ren, X., Chen, C., Wang, X. (2011). Few-layered graphene oxide nanosheets as superior sorbents for heavy metal ion pollution management. Environmental science and technology, 45(24), 10454-10462.
20
[21] Sreeprasad, T. S., Maliyekkal, S. M., Lisha, K. P., Pradeep, T. (2011). Reduced graphene oxide–metal/metal oxide composites: facile synthesis and application in water purification. Journal of hazardous materials, 186(1), 921-931.
21
[22] Zhao, G., Ren, X., Gao, X., Tan, X., Li, J., Chen, C., Wang, X. (2011). Removal of Pb (II) ions from aqueous solutions on few-layered graphene oxide nanosheets. Dalton transactions, 40(41), 10945-10952.
22
[23] Yang, S. T., Chang, Y., Wang, H., Liu, G., Chen, S., Wang, Y., Cao, A. (2010). Folding/aggregation of graphene oxide and its application in Cu2+ removal. Journal of colloid and interface science, 351(1), 122-127.
23
[24] Rao, G. P., Lu, C., Su, F. (2007). Sorption of divalent metal ions from aqueous solution by carbon nanotubes: a review. Separation and purification technology, 58(1), 224-231.
24
[25] Stafiej, A., Pyrzynska, K. (2007). Adsorption of heavy metal ions with carbon nanotubes. Separation and purification technology, 58(1), 49-52.
25
[26] Agboola, A. E., Pike, R. W., Hertwig, T. A., Lou, H. H. (2007). Conceptual design of carbon nanotube processes. Clean technologies and environmental policy, 9(4), 289-311.
26
[27] Rahimi, E., Mohaghegh, N. (2016). Removal of toxic metal ions from sungun acid rock drainage using mordenite zeolite, graphene nanosheets, and a novel metal–organic framework. Mine water and the environment, 35(1), 18-28.
27
[28] Mohaghegh, N., Tasviri, M., Rahimi, E., Gholami, M. R. (2015). Comparative studies on Ag3PO4/BiPO4–metal-organic framework–graphene-based nanocomposites for photocatalysis application. Applied surface science, 351, 216-224.
28
[29] Mohaghegh, N., Faraji, M., Gobal, F., Gholami, M. R. (2015). Electrodeposited multi-walled carbon nanotubes on Ag-loaded TiO2 nanotubes/Ti plates as a new photocatalyst for dye degradation. RSC advances, 5(56), 44840-44846.
29
[30] Motsi, T., Rowson, N. A., Simmons, M. J. H. (2009). Adsorption of heavy metals from acid mine drainage by natural zeolite. International journal of mineral processing, 92(1), 42-48.
30
[31] Wang, F., Pan, Y., Cai, P., Guo, T., Xiao, H. (2017). Single and binary adsorption of heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions using sugarcane cellulose-based adsorbent. Bioresource technology. 241, 482-490.
31
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Response Surface Methodology for Optimizing Adsorption Process Parameters of Reactive Blue 21 onto Modified Kaolin
In this research modified Kaolin by Cetyltrimethylammonium bromide is used as an adsorbent for the removal of Reactive Blue 21 from aqueous solutions. Response Surface Methodology was used to study the effect of independent variables, such as Reactive Blue 21 dye concentration (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 mg/L), time (10, 20, 30, 40 and 50), initial pH (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10) and modified Kaolin dosage (0.05, 0.1, 0.15, 0.2 and 0.25 g/50 mL) on dye removal efficiency from aqueous solutions. At the optimum conditions, predicted removal of Reactive Blue 21 by modified Kaolin was 98.26%. The confirmatory experiment was conducted, which confirmed the results by 94.42 % dye removal. Thus, the experimental investigation and statistical approach enabled us to predict Reactive Blue 21 removal by modified Kaolin. Also, the kinetics and isotherm adsorption of Reactive Blue 21 onto modified Kaolin was obeyed pseudo-second order kinetics and Langmuir isotherm.
https://aet.irost.ir/article_505_bd1cb70d11d6e8c89d9faa82e77a918b.pdf
2017-04-01
89
98
10.22104/aet.2017.505
Isotherm
Kaoline
Reactive Blue 21
Response surface methodology
Parvin
Gharbani
parvingharbani@yahoo.com
1
Department of Chemistry, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Azam
nojavan
a.nojavan93@gmail.com
2
Department of Chemistry, Ahar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahar, Iran
AUTHOR
[1] Gupta, V. K., Mittal, A., Krishnan, L., Gajbe, V. (2004). Adsorption kinetics and column operations for the removal and recovery of malachite green from wastewater using bottom ash. Separation and purification technology, 40(1), 87-96.
1
[2] Tan, I. A. W., Ahmad, A. L., Hameed, B. H. (2008). Adsorption of basic dye using activated carbon prepared from oil palm shell: batch and fixed bed studies. Desalination, 225(1-3), 13-28.
2
[3] Attia, A. A., Girgis, B. S., Fathy, N. A. (2008). Removal of methylene blue by carbons derived from peach stones by H 3 PO 4 activation: batch and column studies. Dyes and pigments, 76(1), 282-289.
3
[4] Robinson, T., McMullan, G., Marchant, R., Nigam, P. (2001). Remediation of dyes in textile effluent: a critical review on current treatment technologies with a proposed alternative. Bioresource technology, 77(3), 247-255.
4
[5] Christie, R. M. (2007). Environmental aspects of textile dyeing. Elsevier.
5
[6] Dhaouadi, H., M’Henni, F. (2008). Textile mill effluent decolorization using crude dehydrated sewage sludge. Chemical engineering journal, 138(1), 111-119.
6
[7] Kobya, M., Bayramoglu, M., Eyvaz, M. (2007). Techno-economical evaluation of electrocoagulation for the textile wastewater using different electrode connections. Journal of hazardous materials, 148(1), 311-318.
7
[8] Mishra, A. K., Arockiadoss, T., Ramaprabhu, S. (2010). Study of removal of azo dye by functionalized multi walled carbon nanotubes. Chemical engineering journal, 162(3), 1026-1034.
8
[9] Elhami, V., Karimi, A. (2016). Preparation of Kissiris/TiO2/Fe3O4/GOx biocatalyst: Feasibility study of MG decolorization. Advances in Environmental Technology 3, 111-117
9
[10] Mehrizad, A., Gharbani, P. (2017). Synthesis of ZnS decorated carbon fibers nanocomposite and its application in photocatalytic removal of Rhodamine 6G from aqueous solutions. Progress in color, colorants and coatings., 10, 13-21.
10
[11] Prado, A. G., Bolzon, L. B., Pedroso, C. P., Moura, A. O., Costa, L. L. (2008). Nb 2 O 5 as efficient and recyclable photocatalyst for indigo carmine degradation. Applied catalysis B: environmental, 82(3), 219-224.
11
[12] Ziapour, A. R., Sefidrooh, M., Moadeli, M. R. (2016). Adsorption of remazol black b dye from aqueous solution using bagasse. Progress in color, colorants and coatings, 9, 99-108.
12
[13] Badii, K., Ardejani, F. D., Saberi, M. A., Abdolreza, S., Nasab, R. H. (2010). Adsorption of basic organic colorants from an aqua binary mixture by diatomite. Prog. color colorants coat, 3, 41-46.
13
[14] Sen, T. K., Afroze, S., Ang, H. M. (2011). Equilibrium, kinetics and mechanism of removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution by adsorption onto pine cone biomass of Pinus radiata. Water, air, and soil pollution, 218(1-4), 499-515.
14
[15] Dawood, S., Sen, T. K. (2012). Removal of anionic dye Congo red from aqueous solution by raw pine and acid-treated pine cone powder as adsorbent: equilibrium, thermodynamic, kinetics, mechanism and process design. Water research, 46(6), 1933-1946.
15
[16] Sharma, Y. C. (2009). Optimization of parameters for adsorption of methylene blue on a low-cost activated carbon. Journal of chemical and engineering data, 55(1), 435-439.
16
[17] Zenasni, M. A., Benfarhi, S., Merlin, A., Molina, S., George, B., Meroufel, B. (2012). Adsorption of Cu (II) on maghnite from aqueous solution: Effects of pH, initial concentration, interaction time and temperature. Natural science, 4(11), 856. [18] Meroufel, B., Benali, O., Benyahia, M., Benmoussa, Y., Zenasni, M. A. (2013). Adsorptive removal of anionic dye from aqueous solutions by Algerian kaolin: Characteristics, isotherm, kinetic and thermodynamic studies. Journal of materials and environmental science , 4(3), 482-491.
17
[19] Zhu, L., Ren, X., Yu, S. (1998). Use of cetyltrimethylammonium bromide-bentonite to remove organic contaminants of varying polar character from water. Environmental science and technology, 32(21), 3374-3378.
18
[20] Silva, M. M., Oliveira, M. M., Avelino, M. C., Fonseca, M. G., Almeida, R. K., Silva Filho, E. C. (2012). Adsorption of an industrial anionic dye by modified-KSF-montmorillonite: Evaluation of the kinetic, thermodynamic and equilibrium data. Chemical engineering journal, 203, 259-268.
19
[21] Baskaralingam, P., Pulikesi, M., Elango, D., Ramamurthi, V., Sivanesan, S. (2006). Adsorption of acid dye onto organobentonite. Journal of hazardous materials, 128(2), 138-144.
20
[22] Sayed, A. S. (2009). Removal of toxic pollutants from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto organo-kaolin. Carbon letters, 10(4), 305-313.
21
[23] Shen, Y. H. (2004). Phenol sorption by organoclays having different charge characteristics. Colloids and surfaces A: Physicochemical and engineering aspects, 232(2), 143-149.
22
[24] Unuabonah, E. I., Olu-Owolabi, B. I., Adebowale, K. O., Ofomaja, A. E. (2007). Adsorption of lead and cadmium ions from aqueous solutions by tripolyphosphate-impregnated Kaolinite clay. Colloids and surfaces A: Physicochemical and engineering aspects, 292(2), 202-211.
23
[25] Adebowale, K. O., Unuabonah, E. I., lu-Owolabi, B. I. (2008). Kinetic and thermodynamic aspects of the adsorption of Pb 2+ and Cd 2+ ions on tripolyphosphate-modified kaolinite clay. Chemical engineering journal, 136(2), 99-107.
24
[26] Manohar, D. M., Krishnan, K. A., Anirudhan, T. S. (2002). Removal of mercury (II) from aqueous solutions and chlor-alkali industry wastewater using 2-mercaptobenzimidazole-clay. Water research, 36(6), 1609-1619.
25
[27] Jiménez-Castañeda, M. E., Medina, D. I. (2017). Use of surfactant-modified Zeolites and clays for the removal of heavy metals from water. Water, 9(4), 235.
26
[28] Sohrabi, M. R., Moghri, M., Masoumi, H. R. F., Amiri, S., Moosavi, N. (2016). Optimization of Reactive Blue 21 removal by Nanoscale Zero-Valent Iron using response surface methodology. Arabian journal of chemistry, 9(4), 518-525.
27
[29] Djordjevic, D., Stojkovic, D., Djordjevic, N., Smelcerovic, M. (2011). Thermodynamics of reactive dye adsorption from aqueous solution on the ashes from city heating station. Ecological chemistry and engineering S, 18(4), 527-536.
28
[30] Yang, Y., Ma, J., Qin, Q., Zhai, X. (2007). Degradation of nitrobenzene by nano-TiO2 catalyzed ozonation. Journal of molecular catalysis A: Chemical, 267(1), 41-48.
29
[31] Bezerra, M. A., Santelli, R. E., Oliveira, E. P., Villar, L. S., Escaleira, L. A. (2008). Response surface methodology (RSM) as a tool for optimization in analytical chemistry. Talanta, 76(5), 965-977.
30
[32] Klemola, K., Pearson, J., von Wright, A., Liesivuori, J., Lindström-Seppä, P. (2007). Evaluating the toxicity of reactive dyes and dyed fabrics with the Hepa-1 cytotoxicity test. Autex Res. J, 7(3), 224-230.
31
[33] Mehrizad, A., Gharbani, P. (2016). Application of central composite design and artificial neural network in modeling of reactive blue 21 dye removal by photo-ozonation process. Water science and technology, 74(1), 184-193.
32
[34] Kalantari, K., Ahmad, M. B., Masoumi, H. R. F., Shameli, K., Basri, M., Khandanlou, R. (2014). Rapid adsorption of heavy metals by Fe3O4/talc nanocomposite and optimization study using response surface methodology. International journal of molecular sciences, 15(7), 12913-12927.
33
[35] Soleimani, M. A., Naghizadeh, R., Mirhabibi, A. R., Golestanifard, F. (2012). Effect of calcination temperature of the kaolin and molar Na2O/SiO2 activator ratio on physical and microstructural properties of metakaolin based geopolymers. Iranian journal of materials science and engineering, 9(4), 43-51.
34
[36] Zenasni, M. A., Meroufel, B., Merlin, A., George, B. (2014). Adsorption of Congo red from aqueous solution using CTAB-kaolin from Bechar Algeria. Journal of surface engineered materials and advanced technology, 4(06), 332. [37] Sheshdeh, R. K., Nikou, M. K., Badii, K., Limaee, N. Y. (2012). Adsorption of Acid Blue 92 dye on modified diatomite by nickel oxide nanoparticles in aqueous solutions. Progress in color, colorants and coatings journal., 5, 101-116.
35
[38] Shawabkeh, R., Al-Harahsheh, A., Al-Otoom, A. (2004). Copper and zinc sorption by treated oil shale ash. Separation and purification technology, 40(3), 251-257.
36
[39] Reza, A., Sheikh, F. A., kim, H., Afzal , M., Zargar, M., Zainal Abedin, M. (2016). Facile and efficient strategy for removal of reactive industrial dye by using tea waste . Advanced materials letters, 7, 878-885
37
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Studies on optimization of efficient parameters for removal of lead from aqueous solutions by natural zeolite as a low-cost adsorbent using response surface methodology
In this research, the removal of lead from the aqueous solution was investigated using natural nontoxic zeolite (clinoptilolite) as a low-cost adsorbent in order to reduce human exposure to it. The clinoptilolite zeolite obtained from the Semnan area was characterized by X-ray diffraction pattern, FTIR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The central composite design (CCD) defined under the response surface methodology (RSM) was used for designing the experiments and analyzing the sorption of lead. Three parameters of contact time (43.07-101.93 min), initial concentration (508-3006 mg/L) and temperature (20-51˚C) were applied to optimize the removal percentage of lead by zeolite. It was found that the initial concentration is the most important parameter affecting the removal percentage of lead, followed by the temperature of process. The optimum values of initial concentration, contact time and temperature were found to be 2750 ppm, 82.87 min and 65°C for 99.81% removal of lead, respectively, with a high desirability of 0.990. The adsorption data fitted the Freundlich adsorption model better than the Langmuir model, with the maximum sorption capacity of the clinoptilolite zeolite for Pb(II) equaling 136.99 (mg/g).
https://aet.irost.ir/article_531_b5573fc9b155b1859aa6b0dd9e18f1a3.pdf
2017-04-01
99
108
10.22104/aet.2017.1928.1092
Keywords: Lead
Clinoptilolite
Zeolite
adsorption isotherms
Response surface methodology
jafar
mahmoudi
mahmoudi@du.ac.ir
1
School of Chemistry, Damghan University
LEAD_AUTHOR
monire
Rahimi
m_monire@yahoo.com
2
School of Chemistry, Damghan University
AUTHOR
[1] Wang, J., Chen, C. (2006). Biosorption of heavy metals by Saccharomyces cerevisiae: a review. Biotechnology advances, 24(5), 427-451.
1
[2] Farooq, U., Kozinski, J. A., Khan, M. A., Athar, M. (2010). Biosorption of heavy metal ions using wheat based biosorbents–a review of the recent literature. Bioresource technology, 101(14), 5043-5053.
2
[3] Zhan, Y., Lin, J., Li, J. (2013). Preparation and characterization of surfactant-modified hydroxyapatite/zeolite composite and its adsorption behavior toward humic acid and copper (II). Environmental science and pollution research, 20(4), 2512-2526.
3
[4] Fu, F., Wang, Q. (2011). Removal of heavy metal ions from wastewaters: a review. Journal of environmental management, 92(3), 407-418.
4
[5] Wang, J., Chen, C. (2009). Biosorbents for heavy metals removal and their future. Biotechnology advances, 27(2), 195-226.
5
[6] Wang, X., Liang, X., Wang, Y., Wang, X., Liu, M., Yin, D., Zhang, Y. (2011). Adsorption of Copper (II) onto activated carbons from sewage sludge by microwave-induced phosphoric acid and zinc chloride activation. Desalination, 278(1), 231-237.
6
[7] Tong, K. S., Kassim, M. J., Azraa, A. (2011). Adsorption of copper ion from its aqueous solution by a novel biosorbent Uncaria gambir: Equilibrium, kinetics, and thermodynamic studies. Chemical engineering journal, 170(1), 145-153.
7
[8] Babel, S., Kurniawan, T. A. (2003). Low-cost adsorbents for heavy metals uptake from contaminated water: a review. Journal of hazardous materials, 97(1), 219-243.
8
[9] Zamzow, M. J., Eichbaum, B. R., Sandgren, K. R., Shanks, D. E. (1990). Removal of heavy metals and other cations from wastewater using zeolites. Separation science and technology, 25(13-15), 1555-1569.
9
[10] Oliveira, L. C., Petkowicz, D. I., Smaniotto, A., Pergher, S. B. (2004). Magnetic zeolites: a new adsorbent for removal of metallic contaminants from water. Water research, 38(17), 3699-3704.
10
[11] Navalon, S., Alvaro, M., Garcia, H. (2009). Highly dealuminated Y zeolite as efficient adsorbent for the hydrophobic fraction from wastewater treatment plants effluents. Journal of hazardous materials, 166(1), 553-560.
11
[12] Yousef, R. I., El-Eswed, B., Ala’a, H. (2011). Adsorption characteristics of natural zeolites as solid adsorbents for phenol removal from aqueous solutions: kinetics, mechanism, and thermodynamics studies. Chemical engineering journal, 171(3), 1143-1149.
12
[13] Perić, J., Trgo, M., Medvidović, N. V. (2004). Removal of zinc, copper and lead by natural zeolite—a comparison of adsorption isotherms. Water research, 38(7), 1893-1899.
13
[14] Sadeghalvad, B., Torabzadehkashi, M., Azadmehr, A. R. (2015). A comparative study of Cu (II) and Pb (II) adsorption by Iranian bentonite (Birjand area) in aqueous solutions, Advances in Environmental Technology, 2, 93-100.
14
[15] Ghorbani, M., Nowee, S. M. (2016). Kinetic study of Pb(II) and Ni(II) adsorption onto MCM-41 amine-functionalized nano particle.
15
[16] Srivastava, S. K., Bhattacharjee, G., Tyagi, R., Pant, N., Pal, N. (1988). Studies on the removal of some toxic metal ions from aqueous solutions and industrial waste. Part I (Removal of lead and cadmium by hydrous iron and aluminium oxide). Environmental technology, 9(10), 1173-1185.
16
[17] Salem, A., Sene, R. A. (2011). Removal of lead from solution by combination of natural zeolite–kaolin–bentonite as a new low-cost adsorbent. Chemical engineering journal, 174(2), 619-628.
17
[18] EL-Mekkawi, D. M., Selim, M. M. (2014). Removal of Pb2+ from water by using Na-Y zeolites prepared from Egyptian kaolins collected from different sources. Journal of environmental chemical engineering, 2(1), 723-730.
18
[19] Guyo, U., Makawa, T., Moyo, M., Nharingo, T., Nyamunda, B. C., Mugadza, T. (2015). Application of response surface methodology for Cd (II) adsorption on maize tassel-magnetite nanohybrid adsorbent. Journal of environmental chemical engineering, 3(4), 2472-2483.
19
[20] Kumar, A., Prasad, B., Mishra, I. M. (2008). Optimization of process parameters for acrylonitrile removal by a low-cost adsorbent using Box–Behnken design. Journal of hazardous materials, 150(1), 174-182.
20
[21] Ates, A., Akgül, G. (2016). Modification of natural zeolite with NaOH for removal of manganese in drinking water. Powder technology, 287, 285-291.
21
[22] Erdem, E., Karapinar, N., Donat, R. (2004). The removal of heavy metal cations by natural zeolites. Journal of colloid and interface science, 280(2), 309-314.
22
[23] Aydın Temel, F., Kuleyin, A. (2016). Ammonium removal from landfill leachate using natural zeolite: kinetic, equilibrium, and thermodynamic studies. Desalination and water treatment, 57(50), 23873-23892.
23
[24] Deshpande, V. P., Bhoskar, P. B. T., (2012). Dielectric study of zeolite clinoptilolite. International Journal of Engineering research and technology, 1 (9), 2278.
24
[25] Huang, M., Xu, C., Wu, Z., Huang, Y., Lin, J., Wu, J. (2008). Photocatalytic discolorization of methyl orange solution by Pt modified TiO2 loaded on natural zeolite. Dyes and pigments, 77(2), 327-334.
25
[26] Ates, A., Hardacre, C. (2012). The effect of various treatment conditions on natural zeolites: Ion exchange, acidic, thermal and steam treatments. Journal of colloid and interface science, 372(1), 130-140.
26
[27] Mihaly-Cozmuta, L., Mihaly-Cozmuta, A., Peter, A., Nicula, C., Tutu, H., Silipas, D., Indrea, E. (2014). Adsorption of heavy metal cations by Na-clinoptilolite: equilibrium and selectivity studies. Journal of environmental management, 137, 69-80.
27
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Artificial Neural Network Modeling for Predicting of some Ion Concentrations in the Karaj River
The water quality of the Karaj River was studied through collecting 2137 experimental data set gained by 20 sampling stations. The data included different parameters such as T (temperature), pH, NTU (turbidity), hardness, TDS (total dissolved solids), EC (electrical conductivity) and basic anion, cation concentrations. In this study a multi-layer perceptron artificial neural network model was designed to predict the calcium, sodium, chloride and sulfate ion concentrations of the Karaj River. 1495 data set were used for training, 321 data set were used for test and 321 data set were used for validation. The optimum model holds sigmoid tangent transfer function in the middle layer and three different forms of the training function. The root mean square error (RMSE), mean relative error (MRE) and regression coefficient (R) between experimental data and model’s outputs were measured for training, validation and testing data sets. The results indicate that the ANN model was successfully applied for prediction of calcium ion concentration.
https://aet.irost.ir/article_538_ab1f77bce08d5c789cc75e06c668bfcf.pdf
2017-04-01
109
117
10.22104/aet.2017.1802.1084
Ca Concentration
Karaj River
Artificial neural network
prediction
Kamyar
Movagharnejad
movagharnejad@yahoo.com
1
Babol Noushiravani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Alireza
Tahavvori
alirezat23@yahoo.com
2
Babol Noushiravani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
AUTHOR
Forogh
Moghaddam Ali
forough.moghaddamali@yahoo.com
3
Babol Noushiravani University of Technology, Babol, Iran
AUTHOR
[1] Boyd, C. E. (2000). Water Quality: An introduction kluwer academic publishers. Norwell, Massachusetts, 2061.
1
[2] Chen, L. (2017). A Case study of dissolved oxygen characteristics in a wind-induced flow dominated shallow stormwater pond subject to hydrogen sulfide production (Doctoral dissertation, université d'Ottawa/University of Ottawa).
2
[3] World Health Organization. (2004). Guidelines for drinking-water quality (Vol. 1). World Health Organization.
3
[4] Chapman, D. V., World Health Organization. (1996). Water quality assessments: a guide to the use of biota, sediments and water in environmental monitoring.
4
[5] McCleskey, R. B. (2011). Electrical conductivity of electrolytes found in natural waters from (5 to 90) C. Journal of chemical and engineering data, 56(2), 317-327.
5
[6] Marandi, A., Polikarpus, M., Jõeleht, A. (2013). A new approach for describing the relationship between electrical conductivity and major anion concentration in natural waters. Applied geochemistry, 38, 103-109.
6
[7] Aghbashlo, M., Hosseinpour, S., Mujumdar, A. S. (2015). Application of artificial neural networks (ANNs) in drying technology: a comprehensive review. Drying technology, 33(12), 1397-1462.
7
[8] Mirarab, M., Sharifi, M., Ghayyem, M. A., Mirarab, F. (2014). Prediction of solubility of CO2 in ethanol–[EMIM][Tf2N] ionic liquid mixtures using artificial neural networks based on genetic algorithm. Fluid phase equilibria, 371, 6-14.
8
[9] Movagharnejad, K., Mehdizadeh, B., Banihashemi, M., Kordkheili, M. S. (2011). Forecasting the differences between various commercial oil prices in the Persian Gulf region by neural network. Energy, 36(7), 3979-3984.
9
[10] Zare, A. H., Bayat, V. M., Daneshkare, A. P. (2011). Forecasting nitrate concentration in groundwater using artificial neural network and linear regression models. International agrophysics, 25(2), 187-192.
10
[11] Zare, A. H., Yazdani, V., Azhdari, K. H. (2009). Comparative study of four meteorological drought index based on relative yield of rain fed wheat in Hamedan province. Physical geography research quarterly, 69, 35-49.
11
[12] Mehrdadi, N., Hasanlou, H., Jafarzadeh, M. T., Hasanlou, H., Abdolabadi, H. (2012). Simulation of low TDS and biological units of Fajr industrial wastewater treatment plant using artificial neural network and principal component analysis hybrid method. Journal of water resource and protection, 4(6), 370.
12
[13] Moghaddamali, F., Movagharnejad, K. (2014). Predicting electrical conductivity in Jajrud river by an artificial neural network. Caspian journal of applied sciences research, 3(11), 21-29.
13
[14] Demuth, H., Beale, M., Hagan, M. Neural network toolbox: for use with MATLAB2000. The mathworks.
14
[15] Coppola Jr, E., Szidarovszky, F., Poulton, M., Charles, E. (2003). Artificial neural network approach for predicting transient water levels in a multilayered groundwater system under variable state, pumping, and climate conditions. Journal of hydrologic engineering, 8(6), 348-360.
15
[16] Coulibaly, P., Anctil, F., Aravena, R., Bobée, B. (2001). Artificial neural network modeling of water table depth fluctuations. Water resources research, 37(4), 885-896.
16
ORIGINAL_ARTICLE
Sorption, degradation and leaching of pesticides in soils amended with organic matter: A review
The use of pesticides in modern agriculture is unavoidable because they are required to control weeds. Pesticides are poisonous; hence, they are dangerous if misused. Understanding the fate of pesticides will be useful to use them safely. Therefore, contaminations of water and soil resources could be avoided. The fates of pesticides in soils are influenced by their sorption, decomposition and movement. Degradation and leaching of pesticides are control by sorption. Soil organic matter and clay content are main soil constituents that have a high capacity for sorption of pesticides. Addition of organic maters to amend the soils is a usual practice that every year has been done in a huge area of worldwide. The added organic amendments to the soils affect the fate of pesticides in soils as well. Pesticides fates in different soils are different. The addition of organic matter to soils causes different fates for pesticides as well. It is known from the studies that sorption of non-ionic pesticides by soil in aqueous system is controlled mainly by the organic matter content of the soils. Sorption of pesticides has been reported to increase by amending soils with organic matter. In general, conditions that promote microbial activity enhance the rate of pesticides degradation, and those that inhibit the growth of microorganisms reduce the rate of degradation. Amendment of soils with organic matter may modify leaching of pesticides in soil. Some studies showed that organic matter added to soils reduced pesticides in ground water. Generally, organic amendments induces the restriction of pesticides leaching in soils.
https://aet.irost.ir/article_532_ee0787a7ceed965635e04348ad7d3e84.pdf
2017-04-01
119
132
10.22104/aet.2017.1740.1100
Pesticides
Organic matter
Leaching
Sorption
Degradation
Fardin
Sadegh-Zadeh
fardin57@yahoo.com
1
Department of Soil Science, Faculty of Agronomy, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran
LEAD_AUTHOR
Samsuri
Abd Wahid
2
Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
AUTHOR
Bahi
Jalili
bahi_jalilis@yahoo.com
3
Department of Land Management, Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
AUTHOR
[1] Gerstl, Z., Yaron, B. (1983). Behavior of bromacil and napropamide in soils: I. Adsorption and degradation. Soil science society of America journal, 47(3), 474-478.
1
[2] Worrall, F., Fernandez-Perez, M., Johnson, A. C., Flores-Cesperedes, F., Gonzalez-Pradas, E. (2001). Limitations on the role of incorporated organic matter in reducing pesticide leaching. Journal of contaminant hydrology, 49(3), 241-262.
2
[3] Lei, W., Zhou, X. (2017). Experiment and simulation on adsorption of 3, 5, 6-Trichloro-2-Pyridinol in typical farmland of purple soil, Southwestern China. Soil and sediment contamination: An international journal, 26(4), 345-363.
3
[4] Weber, J. B., Wilkerson, G. G., Reinhardt, C. F. (2004). Calculating pesticide sorption coefficients (K d) using selected soil properties. Chemosphere, 55(2), 157-166.
4
[5] Weber, J. B., Taylor, K. A., Wilkerson, G. G. (2006). Soil cover and tillage influenced metolachlor mobility and dissipation in field lysimeters. Agronomy journal, 98(1), 19-25.
5
[6] Hamaker, J.W.; Thompson, J.M. (1972). Adsorption. P.49-113. In C.A.I. Goring and J.W. Hamaker (ed.) Organic Chemicals in the soil environment.Vol. 1. Marcel Dekker, New York.
6
[7] Khan, S. U. (1978). The interaction of organic matter with pesticides. Developments in soil science, 8, 137-171.
7
[8] Khan, S. U. (1980). Pesticides in the soil environment. Elsevier. P, 29-56.
8
[9] Beestman, G. B., Deming, J. M. (1974). Dissipation of acetanilide herbicides from soils. Agronomy journal, 66(2), 308-311.
9
[10] Baker, J.L., Mickelson, S.K. (1994). Application technology and best management practices for minimizing herbicide runoff. Weed technology, 8, 862-869.
10
[11] Shipitalo, M. J., Dick, W. A., Edwards, W. M. (2000). Conservation tillage and macropore factors that affect water movement and the fate of chemicals. Soil and tillage research, 53(3), 167-183.
11
[12] Chiou, C. T. (1989). Theoretical considerations of the partition uptake of nonionic organic compounds by soil organic matter. Reactions and movement of organic chemicals in soils, Soil Science Society of America, Madison, 1-29.
12
[13] Senesi, N. (1992). Binding mechanisms of pesticides to soil humic substances. Science of total environment, 12, 63-76.
13
[14] Weber, J. B., Miller, C. T. (1989). Organic chemical movement over and through soil. Reactions and movement of organic chemicals in soils, Soil Science Society of America, Madison, 305-334.
14
[15] Stolpe, N. B., Kuzila, M. S. (2002). Relative mobility of atrazine, 2, 4-D and dicamba in volcanic soils of South-central Chile 1. Soil science, 167(5), 338-345.
15
[16] Hance, R.J. (1989). Adsorption and bioavailability. In: I.R. Grover (ed.). Environmental chemistry of herbicides, Vol. pp. 1-9.CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.
16
[17] Sluszny, C., Graber, E. R., Gerstl, Z. (1999). Sorption of s-triazine herbicides in organic matter amended soils: fresh and incubated systems. Water, air, and soil pollution, 115(1), 395-410.
17
[18] Sadegh-Zadeh, F., Wahid, S. A., Omar, D., Othman, R., Seh-Bardan, B. J. (2011). Sorption and desorption of napropamide in sandy soil amended with chicken dung and palm oil mill effluent. Soil and sediment contamination, 20(4), 387-399.
18
[19] Stolpe, N. B., McCallister, D. L., Shea, P. J., Lewis, D. T., Dam, R. (1993). Mobility of aniline, benzoic acid, and toluene in four soils and correlation with soil properties. Environmental pollution, 81(3), 287-295.
19
[20] Celis, R., Cornejo, J., Hermosin, M. C., Koskinen, W. C. (1997). Sorption-desorption of atrazine and simazine by model soil colloidal components. Soil science society of America journal, 61(2), 436-443.
20
[21] Turin, H. J., Bowman, R. S. (1997). Sorption behavior and competition of bromacil, napropamide, and prometryn. Journal of environmental quality, 26(5), 1282-1287.
21
[22] Nelson, S. D., Farmer, W. J., Letey, J., Williams, C. F. (2000). Stability and mobility of napropamide complexed with dissolved organic matter in soil columns. Journal of environmental quality, 29(6), 1856-1862.
22
[23] Von Oepen, B., Kördel, W., Klein, W. (1991). Sorption of nonpolar and polar compounds to soils: processes, measurements and experience with the applicability of the modified OECD-Guideline 106. Chemosphere, 22(3-4), 285-304.
23
[24] Aguer, J. P., Cox, L., Richard, C., Hermosin, M. C., Cornejo, J. (2000). Sorption and photolysis studies in soil and sediment of the herbicide napropamide. Journal of environmental science and health part B, 35(6), 725-738.
24
[25] Dolaptsoglou, C., Karpouzas, D. G., Menkissoglu-Spiroudi, U., Eleftherohorinos, I., Voudrias, E. A. (2007). Influence of different organic amendments on the degradation, metabolism, and adsorption of terbuthylazine. Journal of environmental quality, 36(6), 1793-1802.
25
[26] Cheah, U. B., Kirkwood, R. C., Lum, K. Y. (1997). Adsorption, desorption and mobility of four commonly used pesticides in Malaysian agricultural soils. Pest management science, 50(1), 53-63.
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[27] Grey, T. L., Walker, R. H., Hancock, H. G. (1997). Sulfentrazone adsorption and mobility as affected by soil and pH. Weed science, 45(5),733-738.
27
[28] Piccolo, A., Celano, G. (1993). Modification of infrared spectra of the herbicide glyphosate induced by pH variation. Journal of environmental science and health part B, 28(4), 447-457.
28
[29] Peter, C. J., Weber, J. B. (1985). Adsorption, mobility, and efficacy of alachlor and metolachlor as influenced by soil properties. Weed science, 33(6), 874-881.
29
[30] Davies, J. E. D., Jabeen, N. (2003). The adsorption of herbicides and pesticides on clay minerals and soils. Part 2. Atrazine. Journal of inclusion phenomena and macrocyclic chemistry, 46(1), 57-64.
30
[31] Báez, M. E., Espinoza, J., Silva, R., Fuentes, E. (2015). Sorption-desorption behavior of pesticides and their degradation products in volcanic and nonvolcanic soils: interpretation of interactions through two-way principal component analysis. Environmental science and pollution research, 22(11), 8576-8585.
31
[32] Nennemann, A., Mishael, Y., Nir, S., Rubin, B., Polubesova, T., Bergaya, F., Lagaly, G. (2001). Clay-based formulations of metolachlor with reduced leaching. Applied clay science, 18(5), 265-275.
32
[33] Mortland, M. M. (1970). Clay-organic complexes and interactions. Advances in agronomy, 22, 75-117.
33
[34] Sawhney, B. L., Singh, S. S. (1997). Sorption of atrazine by Al-and Ca-saturated smectite. Clays clay miner, 45, 333-338.
34
[35] Sheng, G., Johnston, C. T., Teppen, B. J., Boyd, S. A. (2002). Adsorption of Dinitrophenol Herbfrom Water by Montmorillonites. Clays and Clay Minerals, 50(1), 25-34.
35
[36] Laird, D. A., Fleming, P. D. (1999). Mechanisms for adsorption of organic bases on hydrated smectite surfaces. Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 18(8), 1668-1672.
36
[37] Jaynes, W. F., Boyd, S. A. (1991). Hydrophobicity of siloxane surfaces in smectites as revealed by aromatic hydrocarbon adsorption from water. Clays and clay minerals, 39(4), 428-436.
37
[38] Sheng, G., Johnston, C. T., Teppen, B. J., Boyd, S. A. (2001). Potential contributions of smectite clays and organic matter to pesticide retention in soils. Journal of agricultural and food chemistry, 49(6), 2899-2907.
38
[39] Kumar, N., Mukherjee, I., Varghese, E. (2015). Adsorption–desorption of tricyclazole: effect of soil types and organic matter. Environmental monitoring and assessment, 187(3), 61.
39
[40] Williams, C. F., Letey, J., Farmer, W. J. (2006). Estimating the potential for facilitated transport of napropamide by dissolved organic matter. Soil science society of America journal, 70(1), 24-30.
40
[41] Albarrán, A., Celis, R., Hermosın, M. C., López-Piñeiro, A., Cornejo, J. (2004). Behaviour of simazine in soil amended with the final residue of the olive-oil extraction process. Chemosphere, 54(6), 717-724.
41
[42] Chiou, C. T., Porter, P. E., Schmedding, D. W. (1983). Partition equilibriums of nonionic organic compounds between soil organic matter and water. Environmental science technology, 17(4), 227-231.
42
[43] Das, S. K., Mukherjee, I., Kumar, A. (2015). Effect of soil type and organic manure on adsorption–desorption of flubendiamide. Environmental monitoring and assessment, 187(7), 403.
43
[44] Huang, X., Lee, L. S. (2001). Effects of dissolved organic matter from animal waste effluent on chlorpyrifos sorption by soils. Journal of environmental quality, 30(4), 1258-1265.
44
[45] Ben-Hur, M., Letey, J., Farmer, W. J., Williams, C. F., Nelson, S. D. (2003). Soluble and solid organic matter effects on atrazine adsorption in cultivated soils Soil science society of America journal, 67(4), 1140-1146.
45
[46] Li, K., Xing, B., Torello, W. A. (2005). Effect of organic fertilizers derived dissolved organic matter on pesticide sorption and leaching. Environmental pollution, 134(2), 187-194.
46
[47] Cox, L., Velarde, P., Cabrera, A., Hermosín, M. C., Cornejo, J. (2007). Dissolved organic carbon interactions with sorption and leaching of diuron in organic‐amended soils. European journal of soil science, 58(3), 714-721.
47
[48] Senesi, N., Loffredo, E., D'Orazio, V., Brunetti, G., Miano, T. M., La Cava, P. (2001). Adsorption of pesticides by humic acids from organic amendments and soils. Humic substances and chemical contaminants, (humicsubstancesa), 129-153.
48
[49] Nelson, S. D., Letey, J., Farmer, W. J., Williams, C. F., Ben-Hur, M. (2000). Herbicide application method effects on napropamide complexation with dissolved organic matter. Journal of environmental quality, 29(3), 987-994.
49
[50] Lee, D. Y., Farmer, W. J. (1989). Dissolved organic matter interaction with napropamide and four other nonionic pesticides. Journal of environmental quality, 18(4), 468-474.
50
[51] Lee, D. Y., Farmer, W. J. (1989). Dissolved organic matter interaction with napropamide and four other nonionic pesticides. Journal of environmental quality, 18(4), 468-474.
51
[52] Briceño, G., Palma, G., Durán, N. (2007). Influence of organic amendment on the biodegradation and movement of pesticides. Critical reviews in environmental science and technology, 37(3), 233-271.
52
[53] Fernandes, M. C., Cox, L., Hermosín, M. C., Cornejo, J. (2006). Organic amendments affecting sorption, leaching and dissipation of fungicides in soils. Pest management science, 62(12), 1207-1215.
53
[54] Mingelgrin, U., Gerstl, Z. (1983). Reevaluation of partitioning as a mechanism of nonionic chemicals adsorption in soils. Journal of environmental quality, 12(1), 1-11.
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[55] Sadegh-Zadeh, F., Wahid, S. A., Seh-Bardan, B. J., Othman, R., Omar, D. (2012). Fate of napropamide herbicide in selected Malaysian soils. Journal of environmental science and health, Part B, 47(2), 144-151.
55
[56] Kumari, K. G. I. D., Moldrup, P., Paradelo, M., Elsgaard, L., de Jonge, L. W. (2016). Soil properties control glyphosate sorption in soils amended with birch wood biochar. Water, air, and soil pollution, 227(6), 174.
56
[57] Herath, I., Kumarathilaka, P., Al-Wabel, M. I., Abduljabbar, A., Ahmad, M., Usman, A. R., Vithanage, M. (2016). Mechanistic modeling of glyphosate interaction with rice husk derived engineered biochar. Microporous and mesoporous materials, 225, 280-288.
57
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